{"generated":"2026-07-05T20:51:39.270095+00:00","source":{"name":"Epoch AI — AI Data Centers / Frontier Data Centers","license":"Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY), per Epoch AI data terms","dataset_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers","download_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/data_centers/data_centers.zip","map_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/map","fetched_at":"2026-07-05T20:51:39.039933+00:00","files_used":["data_center_chillers.csv","data_center_chip_quantities.csv","data_center_cooling_towers.csv","data_center_timelines.csv","data_centers.csv"]},"summary":{"facilities_total":67,"facilities_geolocated":67,"countries":6,"h100_equivalents_total":10157282,"planned_h100_equivalents_total":53409329,"power_mw_total":10836.8,"planned_power_mw_total":42104.1,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b_total":397.68,"status_counts":{"planned":16,"operational":50,"tracked":1}},"countries":[{"country":"United States","facilities":60,"h100_equivalents":9379115,"planned_h100_equivalents":49606398,"power_mw":9860.0},{"country":"United Arab Emirates","facilities":1,"h100_equivalents":0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2021223,"power_mw":0.0},{"country":"China","facilities":3,"h100_equivalents":380495,"planned_h100_equivalents":638706,"power_mw":631.8},{"country":"Malaysia","facilities":1,"h100_equivalents":281455,"planned_h100_equivalents":586155,"power_mw":240.0},{"country":"Portugal","facilities":1,"h100_equivalents":31834,"planned_h100_equivalents":472461,"power_mw":33.0},{"country":"Indonesia","facilities":1,"h100_equivalents":84386,"planned_h100_equivalents":84386,"power_mw":72.0}],"owners":[{"owner":"Oracle","planned_h100_equivalents":15374938},{"owner":"Microsoft","planned_h100_equivalents":7217483},{"owner":"Google","planned_h100_equivalents":7199092},{"owner":"Meta","planned_h100_equivalents":6438957},{"owner":"Unknown","planned_h100_equivalents":5795489},{"owner":"Amazon","planned_h100_equivalents":2895945},{"owner":"Softbank","planned_h100_equivalents":2496210},{"owner":"G42","planned_h100_equivalents":2021223},{"owner":"SpaceXAI","planned_h100_equivalents":1387469},{"owner":"CoreWeave","planned_h100_equivalents":1001927},{"owner":"Nscale","planned_h100_equivalents":472461},{"owner":"Fluidstack","planned_h100_equivalents":469429},{"owner":"VNET","planned_h100_equivalents":377463},{"owner":"Alibaba","planned_h100_equivalents":132895},{"owner":"Huawei","planned_h100_equivalents":128348}],"suppliers":{"investors":[{"name":"Oracle","facilities":3},{"name":"Google","facilities":3},{"name":"OpenAI","facilities":2},{"name":"Softbank","facilities":2},{"name":"NVIDIA","facilities":2},{"name":"Cisco","facilities":1},{"name":"G42","facilities":1}],"energy_companies":[{"name":"Dominion Energy","facilities":3},{"name":"Entergy","facilities":2},{"name":"American Electric Power","facilities":2},{"name":"WE Energies","facilities":1},{"name":"Alliant Energy","facilities":1},{"name":"Serena","facilities":1},{"name":"Williams","facilities":1},{"name":"Georgia Power","facilities":1},{"name":"MLGW","facilities":1},{"name":"Idaho Power Company","facilities":1}],"construction_companies":[{"name":"Mortenson","facilities":2},{"name":"Crusoe","facilities":1},{"name":"Hoffman","facilities":1},{"name":"Hensel Phelps","facilities":1},{"name":"JE Dunn","facilities":1}],"chip_types":[{"name":"B300","facilities":18},{"name":"B200","facilities":15},{"name":"TPU v6e","facilities":11},{"name":"H100","facilities":9},{"name":"TPU v5e","facilities":8},{"name":"TPU v5p","facilities":8},{"name":"R200","facilities":7},{"name":"TPU v7","facilities":5},{"name":"Trainium2","facilities":3},{"name":"R300","facilities":2},{"name":"Ascend 910C","facilities":2},{"name":"A100","facilities":2},{"name":"H200","facilities":1},{"name":"TPU v4","facilities":1}]},"pins":[{"name":"OpenAI Stargate New Mexico","owner":"Oracle","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":4598282,"planned_power_mw":2210.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1578.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2028-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2028-12-31","latest_status_note":"Estimated construction completion date of the site. Stormwater permitting says 2027-12-31 for stormwater construction to finish, but for a more conservative estimate and based on the current state of the site, we pushed the final date by a year beyond it. [Source, page 2](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vVKvPogq2TkeFn7ibnp0GNqz8aB4tZXz/view?usp=sharing)","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-01","status":"Construction and land clearing begins","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-06","status":"Land clearing continues, foundation construction begins 2 of the main buildings (Building B & D). Construction also beginning on modular chiller plants.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2028-12-31","status":"Estimated construction completion date of the site. Stormwater permitting says 2027-12-31 for stormwater construction to finish, but for a more conservative estimate and based on the current state of the site, we pushed…","h100_equivalents":4598282,"power_mw":2210.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.02,"lat":31.8174424,"lng":-106.6672428,"sources":[{"title":"Project Jupiter Website","url":"https://projectjupitertogether.com/"},{"title":"Stormwater Permitting","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vVKvPogq2TkeFn7ibnp0GNqz8aB4tZXz/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"West Microgrid Permitting","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zO6mGU6lOoDpU5vilRSa7x9_6n6j_deK/view?usp=drivesdk"},{"title":"East Microgrid Permitting","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/186WXWRfH49_SpaTCi_u_uDZ4rwzPyAtd/view?usp=drivesdk"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Dd2oXxg3tdBebaWOW-qSj1U1-HZ9zM9LkXseTayWhBM/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-new-mexico"},{"name":"Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin","owner":"Microsoft","users":["OpenAI","Microsoft"],"project":"Microsoft AI WAN","country":"United States","address":"4800 90th St, Mount Pleasant, WI 53403","h100_equivalents":445680,"power_mw":369.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":13.98,"planned_h100_equivalents":4527539,"planned_power_mw":2715.0,"planned_it_power_mw":2263.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":663552,"latest_date":"2027-02-20","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["WE Energies"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-04-16","latest_timeline_date":"2028-05-13","latest_status_note":"Buildings 3-11 are estimated to be operational. The grading for this revised 9-building plan was underway in May 2026, and we assume an average 2-year [build time](https://epoch.ai/data-insights/data-centers-buildout-speeds) from that point.","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-04-16","status":"Building 1 is operational. [X post](https://x.com/satyanadella/status/2044767391293509761?s=61) from Microsoft saying this date for Fairwater becoming operational.","h100_equivalents":445680,"power_mw":442.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-15","status":"The main shell of Building 2 looks almost completed. In Area 2 (northwest of Buildings 1-2), the grading for the original design has been replaced with grading for the new [9-building design](https://www.mtpleasantwi.go…","h100_equivalents":445680,"power_mw":442.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-02-20","status":"Building 2 is operational. This is estimated based on (1) the delay between Building 1 and Building 2 starting land clearing, (2) in March 2025, a Microsoft spokesperson [said](https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-pauses-…","h100_equivalents":889338,"power_mw":885.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2028-05-13","status":"Buildings 3-11 are estimated to be operational. The grading for this revised 9-building plan was underway in May 2026, and we assume an average 2-year [build time](https://epoch.ai/data-insights/data-centers-buildout-sp…","h100_equivalents":4527539,"power_mw":2715.0,"buildings":11.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.01,"lat":42.683925,"lng":-87.91520349999999,"sources":[{"title":"Microsoft blog with engineering details","url":"https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2025/09/18/inside-the-worlds-most-powerful-ai-datacenter/"},{"title":"Microsoft blog with more general information","url":"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2025/09/18/made-in-wisconsin-the-worlds-most-powerful-ai-datacenter/"},{"title":"Construction Permit Application for building 1","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1azyXnreQBuYEqX2oaSUgePDGCMneez5Z/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Plan for 9-building and 6-building expansions","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PQKzfauDNzabN7oNviMKTvsZmxlsUVpG/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1CRnOKjeb6z5VFPyeA7xaMrbppOD5dCS7TE20kvQyb8E/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-fairwater-wisconsin"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Shackelford","owner":"Oracle","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"175 Private Road 1604, Abilene, TX 79601, Shackelford County","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":4163719,"planned_power_mw":1960.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1400.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["R200","R300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R200","units":209282,"latest_date":"2027-10-13","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"R300","units":147368,"latest_date":"2028-12-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":["Oracle","OpenAI"],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2027-01-01","latest_timeline_date":"2028-12-31","latest_status_note":"10 buildings are operational. Based on the time that the original Abilene site planned to take from land clearing (May 2024) to 2 GW (Nov 2027).","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-01-18","status":"The layout of Buildings 1-5 is visible. Steel framing has just started on Building 1.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-04-14","status":"Steel framing is underway for Buildings 1-3, and roofing is underway for Building 1.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2027-01-01","status":"Building 1 is operational. An announcement on 2025-08-19 said \"the first building [is] scheduled for delivery in the second half of 2026.\" In this context, \"delivery\" likely means the building shell is handed over to Va…","h100_equivalents":308236,"power_mw":196.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2028-12-31","status":"10 buildings are operational. Based on the time that the original Abilene site planned to take from land clearing (May 2024) to 2 GW (Nov 2027).","h100_equivalents":4163719,"power_mw":1960.0,"buildings":10.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.54141728173803,"lng":-99.54831401469934,"sources":[{"title":"Vantage data center page with power capacity, number of buildings, and first building timeline","url":"https://vantage-dc.com/data-center-locations/north-america/shackelford-county-tx"},{"title":"OpenAI Stargate expansion announcement mentioning Shackelford site","url":"https://openai.com/index/five-new-stargate-sites/"},{"title":"Vantage LinkedIn post connecting the data center to OpenAI Stargate","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260226203340/https://www.linkedin.com/posts/vantage-data-centers_ai-digitalinfrastructure-stargate-activity-7405254667062124544-FOcd/?rcm=ACoAAAmuuF4BvsgagH4Z8-Z8-0LaBPPY6467cAs"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/13BiLKveH7pjsXRUAbfZsLUvjEzwRT-PVn79UDE69ofM/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-shackelford"},{"name":"Meta Hyperion","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"Hyperion","country":"United States","address":"Holly Ridge, LA 71269","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":3693785,"planned_power_mw":2262.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1676.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["R200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R200","units":309228,"latest_date":"2028-01-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":["Mortenson"],"energy_companies":["Entergy"],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2028-01-01","latest_timeline_date":"2028-01-01","latest_status_note":"First phase is operational, based on a [Meta blog post](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PmFNgOwkPepwjpGIbNUuPJP0LNgIqe7l/view?usp=sharing). We assume that this aligns with the three natural gas turbines being completed, for a total of 2262 MW capacity, but that these turbines have a backup role. This is close to the 1800 MW of load requested from the grid. Meta [claims](https://engineering.fb.com/2025/09/29/data-in…","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-19","status":"Foundations are underway for the main buildings, and the overall layout aligns with the [architectural renderings](https://engineering.fb.com/2025/09/29/data-infrastructure/metas-infrastructure-evolution-and-the-advent-…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-04-19","status":"Building 1 and 2 roof is finished and cooling is at an advanced stage of installation. Building 3 and 6 roof and cooling in progress.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-12-01","status":"New [power stations](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D4eUHwEuirNi0g3IU_xGOti3PcC8fcXi/view?usp=sharing) are in service for a 1.8 GW load at Holly Ridge. However, the data center is still not operational.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2028-01-01","status":"First phase is operational, based on a [Meta blog post](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PmFNgOwkPepwjpGIbNUuPJP0LNgIqe7l/view?usp=sharing). We assume that this aligns with the three natural gas turbines being completed…","h100_equivalents":3693785,"power_mw":2262.0,"buildings":9.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.51058715034607,"lng":-91.63604282176985,"sources":[{"title":"Data center profile by Meta","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/richland-parish-data-center/"},{"title":"Entergy's application for generation and transmission resources","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FLY13apaHy4hI8RNVk9n_nlJpwFHtBrB/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"MISO update with 1.8 GW substation plan","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D4eUHwEuirNi0g3IU_xGOti3PcC8fcXi/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1cyXcZ_jIsJDjuPKx6_J1scIWeq0-rfM3-2GcSKN4oA0/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-hyperion"},{"name":"QTS Cedar Rapids","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"6200 76th Ave SW, Fairfax, IA 52228","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":3518580,"planned_power_mw":1587.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1133.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["R200","R300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R300","units":144303,"latest_date":"2027-11-15","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"R200","units":111585,"latest_date":"2026-11-15","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Alliant Energy"],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-11-15","latest_timeline_date":"2027-11-15","latest_status_note":"Buildings 4-7 are operational. Based on the expected completion date reported by [local news](https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/): “A QTS spokesperson said in July [2025] that [...] The second phase is expected to be completed in late 2027.\"","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-27","status":"Building 1 roof is complete, with air-cooled chillers in place. Building 2 and 3 roofs are partly completed. Building 4 and 5 have a foundation.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-05-07","status":"Based on satellite imagery, Buildings 1-3 look externally complete. Buildings 4-6 are far along, with roofs largely in place, while the eastern Building 7 foundation is well underway. No buildings operational yet.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-11-15","status":"Buildings 1-3 are operational. Based on the expected completion date reported by [local news](https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/): “A QTS spokesperson said in July…","h100_equivalents":986732,"power_mw":627.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2027-11-15","status":"Buildings 4-7 are operational. Based on the expected completion date reported by [local news](https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/): “A QTS spokesperson said in July…","h100_equivalents":3518580,"power_mw":1587.0,"buildings":7.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.90967674988205,"lng":-91.74292979513083,"sources":[{"title":"MISO new load announcements","url":"https://cdn.misoenergy.org/NEW%20LOAD%20ANNOUNCEMENTS%20IN%20MISO%20REGIONS%2012062024684954.pdf"},{"title":"Article by The Gazette","url":"https://www.thegazette.com/business/fast-start-to-cedar-rapids-data-center-projects/"},{"title":"Article by Corridor Business Journal","url":"https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/"},{"title":"Post by GLD Commercial","url":"https://www.gldcommercial.com/google-and-qts-data/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1zXqoogyqGbmgvdu4vSTepZG3Cy8kMoJjp0n3KaZPkd4/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/qts-cedar-rapids"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Michigan","owner":"Oracle","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2880243,"planned_power_mw":1383.0,"planned_it_power_mw":988.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2028-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2028-12-31","latest_status_note":"Buildings 1-3 operational. Based on when maximum power load will be provided by DTE energy (Dec 2027), which can be extended by a year. [Source, page 3](https://mi-psc.my.site.com/sfc/servlet.shepherd/version/download/068cs00001MH71XAAT)","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-12-04","status":"Land clearing begins for the entire site","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-01-20","status":"Land clearing continues for all buildings (1-3)","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-12","status":"Groundwork is visible for Building 1, at the left end of the site.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2028-12-31","status":"Buildings 1-3 operational. Based on when maximum power load will be provided by DTE energy (Dec 2027), which can be extended by a year. [Source, page 3](https://mi-psc.my.site.com/sfc/servlet.shepherd/version/download/0…","h100_equivalents":2880243,"power_mw":1383.0,"buildings":3.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":42.126393458133265,"lng":-83.88205249811212,"sources":[{"title":"Related Digital website for this site","url":"https://www.related-digital.com/michigan"},{"title":"Michigan Public Service Commission Energy Contract Approval, reports 1,383 MW as the site capacity","url":"https://www.michigan.gov/mpsc/commission/news-releases/2025/12/18/mpsc-approves-dte-electric-energy-contracts-for-data-center"},{"title":"Air Permitting, calls the site Project Mitten, includes site map","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/16ZucHKYmld7dLApSXNtbknOyagSn5E-r/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"DTE Electric’s contract approval","url":"https://mi-psc.my.site.com/sfc/servlet.shepherd/version/download/068cs00001MH71XAAT"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1uqn1l4aQCjT8E7JUmLsT6CrE3PtjajDL19Sj6xw2qg8/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-michigan"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Wisconsin","owner":"Oracle","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2627590,"planned_power_mw":1300.0,"planned_it_power_mw":902.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2028-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2028-12-31","latest_status_note":"Building 4 and supporting facilities/buildings operational, whole facility now operational. Based on the [environmental analysis (page 6)](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ft2ZzqAYZtsTqMwyML4eo_EFYuclVxE6/view?usp=sharing) filed for the site.","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-01-02","status":"Ground broken for the facility, land clearing begins for all buildings","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-14","status":"Land clearing continues, foundation construction clearly begins for eastern and northern buildings (Building 1-2)","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2028-12-31","status":"Building 4 and supporting facilities/buildings operational, whole facility now operational. Based on the [environmental analysis (page 6)](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ft2ZzqAYZtsTqMwyML4eo_EFYuclVxE6/view?usp=shari…","h100_equivalents":2627590,"power_mw":1300.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":43.42913305,"lng":-87.85521399999999,"sources":[{"title":"Data center page on Vantage website","url":"https://vantage-dc.com/data-center-locations/north-america/port-washington-wisconsin"},{"title":"Environmental Analysis Summary","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ft2ZzqAYZtsTqMwyML4eo_EFYuclVxE6/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1fjTxXhhaiFa7x1YBAAa7d2CcUrnSLGNJYOTd6o3xd04/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-wisconsin"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Milam","owner":"Softbank","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2496210,"planned_power_mw":1200.0,"planned_it_power_mw":857.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2028-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2028-12-31","latest_status_note":"All buildings finished, site is fully operational. Our reasoning is that examples so far take a median of 2-2.5 years to go from land clearing to 1 GW. This suggests around 2028-01-01 here. However, due to delays being more likely than speedups and the fact that this base rate data is still unproven, the more conservative estimate is made. The current state of the site also supports this estimation.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-09-27","status":"Land clearing begins for the site","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-01-04","status":"Small sections of building foundation construction begins, and land clearing appears to be mostly finished","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-23","status":"Steel framing and roofing is underway for Building 1.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2028-12-31","status":"All buildings finished, site is fully operational. Our reasoning is that examples so far take a median of 2-2.5 years to go from land clearing to 1 GW. This suggests around 2028-01-01 here. However, due to delays being…","h100_equivalents":2496210,"power_mw":1200.0,"buildings":0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":31.000357894780336,"lng":-97.01157755620439,"sources":[{"title":"Data Center Dynamics article on the site","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/softbanks-sb-energy-to-build-and-operate-openais-12gw-stargate-data-center-in-milam-county-texas/"},{"title":"SB Energy article, source for 1.2 GW capacity","url":"https://sbenergy.com/openai-and-softbank-group-partner-with-sb-energy/"},{"title":"TDLR page for the first building of the site, indicating construction completion date","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026017746"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Ngd8mud1gHPmwamHYb7VhfYMZLiS9hfjMlHxdsu6d28/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-milam"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate UAE","owner":"G42","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United Arab Emirates","address":"Nexus L&T Project Office, Al Bihouth, Al Dhafrah, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2021223,"planned_power_mw":1400.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1000.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300","R200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R200","units":300000,"latest_date":"2028-01-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B300","units":100000,"latest_date":"2026-12-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":["Softbank","Oracle","NVIDIA","Cisco","G42"],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-12-01","latest_timeline_date":"2028-01-01","latest_status_note":"1 GW of IT power is operational. We haven’t seen expansion beyond 200 MW as of November 2025. Optimistically, 8 more 100 MW buildings start construction in December 2025, in parallel, and take 1.5 years like the first two buildings, hitting 1 GW by Q3 2027. More realistically, there's some staggering of construction over several months, like Stargate Abilene. Our median estimate is January 2028.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-06-09","status":"Land clearing begins for Building 1 and 2","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-11-16","status":"Building 1 and 2 are partly constructed. No clear evidence of more buildings starting construction.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-12-01","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational. The similar data center in Ajman, UAE was delayed by over a year, now due in December 2026 (compare [1](https://khaznadatacenters.com/press-release/khazna-expands-infrastructure-to-acce…","h100_equivalents":252653,"power_mw":280.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2028-01-01","status":"1 GW of IT power is operational. We haven’t seen expansion beyond 200 MW as of November 2025. Optimistically, 8 more 100 MW buildings start construction in December 2025, in parallel, and take 1.5 years like the first t…","h100_equivalents":2021223,"power_mw":1400.0,"buildings":10.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":24.15028707403608,"lng":54.44278190296632,"sources":[{"title":"News update with timelapse of construction","url":"https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/stargate-uae-phase-1-in-two-years"},{"title":"Announcement of the (separate) 100 MW Khazna Ajman data center","url":"https://khaznadatacenters.com/press-release/khazna-announces-the-uaes-first-ai-optimized-data-center-and-the-largest-in-its-portfolio-powering-the-nations-drive-toward-ai-leadership/"},{"title":"News about the US approval of NVIDIA chips in the UAE","url":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-10-09/us-approves-several-billion-dollars-of-nvidia-nvda-ai-chip-sales-to-uae"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11es1WqQ3StAuMjFOYQ1wzq6YpwQCb-Uz996EvZpnsAs/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-uae"},{"name":"Goodnight","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"10001 Lima Rd, Claude, TX 79019","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":2011117,"planned_power_mw":1294.1,"planned_it_power_mw":1006.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300","R200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R200","units":199316,"latest_date":"2027-10-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B300","units":147847,"latest_date":"2027-02-15","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":["Crusoe","Hoffman"],"energy_companies":["Serena"],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-12-15","latest_timeline_date":"2027-10-01","latest_status_note":"6 buildings are operational. This is based on: 1. A [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026010861) for Building 6 with a completion date of 2027-07-30. Normally there is a follow-up filing for \"tenant improvement\" which involves building the interior, with a completion date 1-3 months after the initial filing. 2. A project deadline of EOY 2027 in the [original tax abatement agreem…","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-04-16","status":"Progress is made on all buildings, Building 1 and 2 specically have begun to install cooling structures. The substation expansion seems to be nearing completion.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-12-15","status":"Building 1 operational. This [regulatory document](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2025027064) lists the completion date for Building 1 as 2026-09-12, the current status suggests this estimate will no…","h100_equivalents":124305,"power_mw":132.5,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-02-15","status":"Building 2 operational. The completion date for [Building 2 Tenant Improvement](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2025027065) is 2026-11-07, about 2 months later than Building 1. We therefore add 2 mont…","h100_equivalents":249116,"power_mw":265.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2027-10-01","status":"6 buildings are operational. This is based on: 1. A [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026010861) for Building 6 with a completion date of 2027-07-30. Normally there is a follow-up f…","h100_equivalents":2011117,"power_mw":1294.1,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":35.01975,"lng":-101.3082135,"sources":[{"title":"Amended tax abatement agreement, with updated blueprints on p.46","url":"https://www.co.armstrong.tx.us/upload/page/5361/Amended_Restated_Consolidated%20Second%20Property%20Tax%20Abatement%20Agreement%20%20GNDC1_ArmstrongCounty.pdf"},{"title":"Original tax abatement agreement, with original blueprints and specs on the last page","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ky5HhuhU8_JADNB2GziWa4WDRbTU4qtO/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"TABS database, with \"Llano\" data centers in the city of Claude","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/"},{"title":"Press release reports Google investing in a new data center in Armstrong County","url":"https://www.reuters.com/business/google-invest-40-billion-new-data-centers-texas-bloomberg-news-reports-2025-11-14/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1NE3R883YwdkSNVCbVJfy5nMCDy99eNA1wRdwikcJYWk/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/goodnight"},{"name":"Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle","owner":"Amazon","users":["Anthropic"],"project":"Project Rainier","country":"United States","address":"55001 Larrison Blvd, New Carlisle, IN 46552","h100_equivalents":687216,"power_mw":910.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":34.47,"planned_h100_equivalents":1748358,"planned_power_mw":2310.0,"planned_it_power_mw":1925.0,"current_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"all_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"Trainium2","units":3255000,"latest_date":"2026-10-19","source_type":"Company disclosure, Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-06-23","latest_timeline_date":"2028-03-17","latest_status_note":"Buildings 19-32 are operational. This is an estimate based on how long Buildings 1-16 took to become operational. In May 2026, the foundation of several buildings and a substation was visible at the site of Buildings 19-32. Buildings 1-16 took 1 year and 10 months to go from a similar state to operational. So we add 1 year and 10 months to May 2026 to get this date estimate. The power capacity is based on an [air qu…","timeline_points":12,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-03-23","status":"Buildings 12-16 are operational. Based on how long previous buildings took, when they were in a similar state to Buildings 12-16 in December.","h100_equivalents":687216,"power_mw":1092.0,"buildings":16.0},{"date":"2026-06-03","status":"Buildings 17-18 fully roofed but still having surrounding generators/cooling under construction. Cleared land for buildings 19-32 is still bare, with no building foundations visible yet. Based on satellite imagery.","h100_equivalents":687216,"power_mw":1092.0,"buildings":16.0},{"date":"2026-10-19","status":"Buildings 17-18 are operational. This is an estimate based on a rule of thumb of \"operational 5 months after roof is complete\", assuming the roofs took one more month after 2025-12-23. Also added four more months to acc…","h100_equivalents":818595,"power_mw":1244.0,"buildings":18.0},{"date":"2028-03-17","status":"Buildings 19-32 are operational. This is an estimate based on how long Buildings 1-16 took to become operational. In May 2026, the foundation of several buildings and a substation was visible at the site of Buildings 19…","h100_equivalents":1748358,"power_mw":2310.0,"buildings":32.0}],"max_water_mgd":21.0,"lat":41.67935929360402,"lng":-86.471225996291,"sources":[{"title":"Air Construction Permit application for the northern portion","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BKiTFNUk2KDaUaiHG7fz0KlkNSBTHzbb/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Backup diesel generator referenced in the permit","url":"https://www.cat.com/en_US/products/new/power-systems/electric-power/diesel-generator-sets/117341.html"},{"title":"Announcement of Project Rainier coming online","url":"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-project-rainier-ai-trainium-chips-compute-cluster"},{"title":"Air permit for Buildings 19-32, suggesting expansion to 2.3 GW total facility power","url":"https://t.co/HsAO7oyKa2"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1umU-KLAB_6A-lKRCdLuF7SPv74HlqKjDdfDor1bRGuY/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/anthropic-amazon-new-carlisle"},{"name":"Crusoe Abilene Expansion","owner":"Microsoft","users":["Microsoft"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5502 Spinks Rd, Abilene, TX 79601","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":1480546,"planned_power_mw":941.0,"planned_it_power_mw":672.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["R200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"R200","units":251139,"latest_date":"2027-11-11","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":["NVIDIA"],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2027-09-17","latest_timeline_date":"2027-11-11","latest_status_note":"Building 2 operational. Based on the completion date to \"build-out an office and data hall\", stated in a [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008308).","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-11-02","status":"Land clearing begins for Buildings 1-2.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-01-15","status":"Land clearing continues.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2027-09-17","status":"Building 1 operational. Based on the completion date to \"build-out an office and data hall\", stated in a [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008308).","h100_equivalents":737746,"power_mw":470.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-11-11","status":"Building 2 operational. Based on the completion date to \"build-out an office and data hall\", stated in a [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008308).","h100_equivalents":1480546,"power_mw":941.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.49188364299025,"lng":-99.78197968638565,"sources":[{"title":"Bloomberg reporting that Oracle and OpenAI pulled out of expanding to these buildings, NVIDIA and Meta might replace them","url":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-03-06/oracle-and-openai-end-plans-to-expand-flagship-data-center"},{"title":"Air Permit Application for the buildings, featuring blueprints on p.391","url":"https://www.tceq.texas.gov/assets/public/permitting/air/reports/applications/400428-ac.pdf"},{"title":"Aterio","url":"https://www.aterio.io/blog/stargate-files-for-phase-3-expansion-in-abilene"},{"title":"Partnership Announcement with Microsoft","url":"https://x.com/mustafasuleyman/status/2037547756320141587"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1FpTJoXhLRzKTX8S3kSnPlT8V66ad_htJPuvaYPiHAsE/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/crusoe-abilene-expansion"},{"name":"Google Fort Wayne","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"6015 Adams Center Road, Fort Wayne, IN 46806","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":1424962,"planned_power_mw":1035.0,"planned_it_power_mw":863.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":["Google"],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-12-01","latest_timeline_date":"2028-04-01","latest_status_note":"Estimated completion time for all 5 main AI buildings assuming construction continues at the same rate, based on the observed timelines of Buildings 2 and 3.","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-01","status":"Building 2 looks externally complete","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-01","status":"The chillers for Buildings 2 and 3 are both a little less than half done and the buildings still look like active construction sites.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-12-01","status":"Estimated operational date of Building 2, the first AI compute building. However, this represents less than 1/5 of the estimated total compute being available because chips installed in the future will be more power-eff…","h100_equivalents":183931,"power_mw":207.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2028-04-01","status":"Estimated completion time for all 5 main AI buildings assuming construction continues at the same rate, based on the observed timelines of Buildings 2 and 3.","h100_equivalents":1424962,"power_mw":1035.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.03177155754034,"lng":-85.0488567789175,"sources":[{"title":"Google's plans for wetlands in Fort Wayne","url":"https://www.thelocalfw.com/what-to-know-about-googles-plans-for-wetlands-in-fort-wayne/"},{"title":"Data center's diesel generators","url":"https://www.thelocalfw.com/data-center-diesel-generators/"},{"title":"Project's history and tax abatement","url":"https://www.thelocalfw.com/data-centers-secrecy-and-tax-abatements/"},{"title":"City Council approval","url":"https://citycouncildocuments.acfw.net/documents/download/2023-12-19/R-23-12-02.pdf"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10-rVasOykSTFojmMX9PbVCfFyM2j9U2JgT0fbYXpkh0/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-fort-wayne"},{"name":"Colossus 2","owner":"SpaceXAI","users":["Anthropic","Cursor","SpaceXAI"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5420 Tulane Rd, Memphis, TN 38109","h100_equivalents":1111673,"power_mw":946.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":35.84,"planned_h100_equivalents":1111673,"planned_power_mw":1276.0,"planned_it_power_mw":946.0,"current_chip_types":["B200","B300"],"all_chip_types":["B200","B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":330000,"latest_date":"2026-07-01","source_type":"Company disclosure"},{"chip_type":"B200","units":110000,"latest_date":"2025-10-19","source_type":"Company disclosure"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-10-19","latest_timeline_date":"2026-07-01","latest_status_note":"The site is estimated to have at least ~830 MW of GPU server power, with at least \"at least 220,000 additional GB300 processors and over 400 additional megawatts of compute power\", corresponding to the \"next phase of expansion\" found in the following [company S-1 filing, page 76](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1181412/000162828026036936/spaceexplorationtechnologi.htm). The timing is based on the air-cooled…","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-19","status":"Battery facility looks complete (though more might be added). Turbines look connected up, minimal construction around them. We believe this state corresponds to the first compute cluster brought online at this site of \"…","h100_equivalents":277918,"power_mw":323.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-01-13","status":"Since October, an array of dry cooling air-cooled condensers has been added (the array of large fans to the left of the building), and appears almost complete. Two more similar arrays appear to be under construction. Mo…","h100_equivalents":277918,"power_mw":323.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-04-06","status":"The first array of dry cooling air-cooled condensers for Building 1 has been completed and is operational. A second array, with larger fans, is about halfway complete (located to the south of the first array). More chil…","h100_equivalents":555836,"power_mw":661.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-07-01","status":"The site is estimated to have at least ~830 MW of GPU server power, with at least \"at least 220,000 additional GB300 processors and over 400 additional megawatts of compute power\", corresponding to the \"next phase of ex…","h100_equivalents":1111673,"power_mw":1276.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":34.990861352089986,"lng":-90.03533219101669,"sources":[{"title":"WSJ profile of the Colossus data centers","url":"https://www.wsj.com/tech/elon-musk-xai-memphis-tennessee-power-dec4c70d"},{"title":"Final GPU count reported by Elon Musk","url":"https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1947701807389515912"},{"title":"MLGW update mentioning power requests for Colossus 2","url":"https://www.mlgw.com/images/content/files/pdf/new/5-5-25%20xAI%20Update.pdf#page=4"},{"title":"SpaceX-Cursor partnership to use Colossus","url":"https://x.com/SpaceX/status/2046713419978453374"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1_FQATVcD0Tx7agccYYGYMqS8f6NSeAdLBBi7wnbTLA4/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/colossus-2"},{"name":"Meta Prometheus","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"Prometheus","country":"United States","address":"1 Community Cir, New Albany, OH 43054","h100_equivalents":763012,"power_mw":631.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":23.9,"planned_h100_equivalents":1030824,"planned_power_mw":1110.0,"planned_it_power_mw":854.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":1189321,"latest_date":"2026-10-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Williams","American Electric Power"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-10-14","latest_timeline_date":"2026-10-01","latest_status_note":"Socrates South and Socrates North gas power plants are operational, coinciding with Building 15-19 being operational. Based [on](https://dis.puc.state.oh.us/CaseRecord.aspx?CaseNo=25-0188-EL-BGN) [documents](https://dis.puc.state.oh.us/ViewImage.aspx?CMID=A1001001A25E29B42006E01696) [stating](https://www.williams.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2025/03/Socrates-North-Fact-Sheet-Final-1.pdf) \"late Third or early Fourt…","timeline_points":11,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-05-18","status":"Building 7-11 (Meta tents) are operational. In January we saw them look almost complete, with some work still ongoing for power equipment. Assuming 3 more months for commissioning, we expect operation by May.","h100_equivalents":677110,"power_mw":731.0,"buildings":12.0},{"date":"2026-05-28","status":"Building 13 (Vantage) is operational, based on it starting construction about 3 months after Building 12.","h100_equivalents":763012,"power_mw":820.0,"buildings":13.0},{"date":"2026-08-26","status":"Building 14 (Vantage) operational, based on it starting construction about 3 months after Building 13.","h100_equivalents":843861,"power_mw":910.0,"buildings":14.0},{"date":"2026-10-01","status":"Socrates South and Socrates North gas power plants are operational, coinciding with Building 15-19 being operational. Based [on](https://dis.puc.state.oh.us/CaseRecord.aspx?CaseNo=25-0188-EL-BGN) [documents](https://dis…","h100_equivalents":1030824,"power_mw":1110.0,"buildings":20.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":40.087781865661185,"lng":-82.74407442519336,"sources":[{"title":"Meta blog post with details on Prometheus","url":"https://engineering.fb.com/2025/09/29/data-infrastructure/metas-infrastructure-evolution-and-the-advent-of-ai/"},{"title":"New Albany Business Park land use map","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Wb_BBVOnhu5UCQ8Q5d6iRIG9K_vigD8A/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Letter on Socrates South Power Generation Project","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OMbFbdNGPmfSkwVWqOAK-5pOufiKQBu1/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rL6xWR9h4JllErYT9U2TzoOMNxTNLcjUnIhV22bc4JQ/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-prometheus"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Abilene","owner":"Oracle","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"5502 Spinks Rd, Abilene, TX 79601","h100_equivalents":510359,"power_mw":421.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":15.95,"planned_h100_equivalents":1020718,"planned_power_mw":1180.0,"planned_it_power_mw":843.0,"current_chip_types":["B200","B300"],"all_chip_types":["B200","B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":403200,"latest_date":"2026-06-22","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B200","units":100800,"latest_date":"2025-09-26","source_type":"Company disclosure"}],"investors":["Softbank","OpenAI","Oracle"],"construction_companies":["Mortenson"],"energy_companies":["American Electric Power"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-09-26","latest_timeline_date":"2026-11-01","latest_status_note":"Buildings 5-8 are estimated to be operational. On March 24, Building 8 roughly looked like where Building 3 was in September. Building 3 is estimated to be operational in April, 7 months later. This naively suggests Building 8 will be operational by early November, 7 months after March 24.","timeline_points":8,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-01-15","status":"The 1 GW substation looks close to completion. Building 3 appears to have all power and cooling equipment installed, but there are still signs of construction work. This seems on track for operation in 3 months. Buildin…","h100_equivalents":254674,"power_mw":295.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-03-24","status":"Building 3 and 4 look complete, but are not fully operational. Not as many cars are parked next to it as Building 1-2 which suggests they may still be ramping up. Building 4 was due by now according to a [regulatory fil…","h100_equivalents":254674,"power_mw":295.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-05-23","status":"Buildings 3 and 4 are estimated to be operational. On April 22nd, Oracle [posted](https://x.com/i/status/2047012589302153558) that \"In Abilene, 200MW is already operational\". This suggests that there was still only Buil…","h100_equivalents":510359,"power_mw":590.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-11-01","status":"Buildings 5-8 are estimated to be operational. On March 24, Building 8 roughly looked like where Building 3 was in September. Building 3 is estimated to be operational in April, 7 months later. This naively suggests Bui…","h100_equivalents":1020718,"power_mw":1180.0,"buildings":8.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.501314051807306,"lng":-99.78560811260724,"sources":[{"title":"Crusoe 2024 Impact Report, with details on Abilene","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oHWA9vmpvFOh-LvDy5fgq_wq5ITuxd1r/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Air Permit Application for buildings 1-2, featuring blueprints on p.157","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FgfX6hqojlBtqNXJHjzJmnwWAMx4_M0b/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Mortensen’s profile of the project, with details of substations","url":"https://www.mortenson.com/projects/abilene-data-center-development"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/197BW-5tHutOzJ_LTv990eCO_M8nUXT2t1nl--UfMIUk/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-abilene"},{"name":"Google Cedar Rapids","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5800 EDGEWOOD RD SW CEDAR RAPIDS, IA 52404","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":889338,"planned_power_mw":627.0,"planned_it_power_mw":523.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2030-05-26","latest_status_note":"Building 6 is operational, assuming it's 6 months behind Building 5 (as Building 4 was to Building 3, and based on other Google data center timelines).","timeline_points":10,"milestones":[{"date":"2027-05-23","status":"Building 3 is operational. Earlier satellite images suggest it was about 3 months behind Building 2.","h100_equivalents":313290,"power_mw":314.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2029-05-31","status":"Building 4 is operational, assuming a similar timeline to Building 1, and no overlap in timeline with Building 1. This brings the total capacity close to 600 MW, which is the load [requested from MISO](https://cdn.misoe…","h100_equivalents":889338,"power_mw":418.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2029-11-27","status":"Building 5 is operational, assuming it's 6 months behind Building 4 (as Building 4 was to Building 3, and based on other Google data center timelines).","h100_equivalents":889338,"power_mw":523.0,"buildings":5.0},{"date":"2030-05-26","status":"Building 6 is operational, assuming it's 6 months behind Building 5 (as Building 4 was to Building 3, and based on other Google data center timelines).","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":627.0,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.91838716017561,"lng":-91.72285119543494,"sources":[{"title":"MISO new load announcements","url":"https://cdn.misoenergy.org/NEW%20LOAD%20ANNOUNCEMENTS%20IN%20MISO%20REGIONS%2012062024684954.pdf"},{"title":"Permit application","url":"https://www.govonlinesaas.com/LCPH/EasyAir/Public/EnSuite/Shared/Pages/util/StreamDoc.ashx?id=260&type=attachment"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1kMXSC-Mq5JssInyHbsje1_KYiFDszSq-8KHL1-3MOzw/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-cedar-rapids"},{"name":"Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta","owner":"Microsoft","users":["OpenAI","Microsoft"],"project":"Microsoft AI WAN","country":"United States","address":"1435 Hwy 54 W, Fayetteville, GA 30214","h100_equivalents":742799,"power_mw":636.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":24.09,"planned_h100_equivalents":742799,"planned_power_mw":859.0,"planned_it_power_mw":636.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":457842,"latest_date":"2026-06-14","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Georgia Power"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-10-14","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-14","latest_status_note":"Building 3 and 4 are operational.","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-14","status":"Building 1 and 2 are [operational](https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/ai/from-wisconsin-to-atlanta-microsoft-connects-datacenters-to-build-its-first-ai-superfactory/). Building 1 looked operational sooner, but t…","h100_equivalents":373926,"power_mw":433.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-02-13","status":"Building 4 roof is complete and all mechanical equipment appears to be installed. However, there is still a lot of construction activity around the building.","h100_equivalents":373926,"power_mw":433.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-05-15","status":"Building 4 still has some equipment strewn around the perimeter, so we think it is still going through commissioning. Two new buildings at the campus have shells underway, but we don't know if Microsoft is the tenant fo…","h100_equivalents":373926,"power_mw":433.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-06-14","status":"Building 3 and 4 are operational.","h100_equivalents":742799,"power_mw":859.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.4571920559559,"lng":-84.52452383751955,"sources":[{"title":"2023 Air Permit application","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p7aY9syz319IcEuyukgIIvzmhTNKRS6p/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"YouTube video with aerial views","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44eWesI-174"},{"title":"OpenAI article mentioning they use Microsoft's Fairwater supercomputers","url":"https://openai.com/index/mrc-supercomputer-networking/"},{"title":"Bloomberg article","url":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-12-08/georgia-s-blackstone-backed-qts-data-center-hits-resistance-over-ai-power-needs"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1XeruHu2ES3UsSrsAU3HSMkk5zwzFOQzxQE9pQ_fuEUw/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-fairwater-atlanta"},{"name":"Coreweave Helios","owner":"CoreWeave","users":["Microsoft"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"984 County Road 112, Afton, TX 79920","h100_equivalents":159552,"power_mw":132.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":638207,"planned_power_mw":800.0,"planned_it_power_mw":528.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":505205,"latest_date":"2029-01-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-06-30","latest_timeline_date":"2029-01-01","latest_status_note":"Building 4 operational at full capacity. This corresponds to \"Phase III\", which is [expected](https://investor.galaxy.com/news/news-details/2025/Galaxy-Announces-Third-Quarter-2025-Financial-Results/default.aspx) to be delivered \"starting in 2028\". We assume it takes until the end of 2028 to reach full capacity.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-04-04","status":"Building 1 appears substantially complete. The main white-roofed data hall is visible with exterior mechanical/electrical equipment rows installed on both sides, and adjacent generator/equipment pads plus laydown yards…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-30","status":"Building 1 operational at full capacity. This corresponds to \"Phase I\", which is [expected](https://investor.galaxy.com/news/news-details/2025/Galaxy-Announces-Third-Quarter-2025-Financial-Results/default.aspx) to be op…","h100_equivalents":159552,"power_mw":200.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2028-01-01","status":"Building 2 and 3 are operational at full capacity. This corresponds to \"Phase II\", which is [expected](https://investor.galaxy.com/news/news-details/2025/Galaxy-Announces-Third-Quarter-2025-Financial-Results/default.asp…","h100_equivalents":478655,"power_mw":600.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2029-01-01","status":"Building 4 operational at full capacity. This corresponds to \"Phase III\", which is [expected](https://investor.galaxy.com/news/news-details/2025/Galaxy-Announces-Third-Quarter-2025-Financial-Results/default.aspx) to be…","h100_equivalents":638207,"power_mw":800.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.77506289668727,"lng":-100.8698546375008,"sources":[{"title":"Galaxy Q3 financial results with power capacity timeline","url":"https://investor.galaxy.com/news/news-details/2025/Galaxy-Announces-Third-Quarter-2025-Financial-Results/default.aspx"},{"title":"Permit review with details on backup generators and power capacity","url":"https://records.tceq.texas.gov/cs/idcplg?IdcService=TCEQ_EXTERNAL_SEARCH_GET_FILE&dID=8711478&Rendition=Web#:~:text=Galaxy%20Helios%20I%20LLC%20owns,are%20the%20basis%20of%20the"},{"title":"3D renderings of Helios Building 1 on Galaxy's website, showing generators and chillers","url":"https://www.galaxy.com/data-centers"},{"title":"TDLR record with Building 1 construction costs and end date","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2025012175"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1qcYPDCBHZOg0EKGpK7Ru4-cGd8Y8BkXAxf2W3umOwmo/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-helios"},{"name":"Amazon Ridgeland","owner":"Amazon","users":["Anthropic"],"project":"Project Rainier","country":"United States","address":"1626 County Line Road Ridgeland, Mississippi","h100_equivalents":171479,"power_mw":228.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":8.64,"planned_h100_equivalents":633151,"planned_power_mw":1008.0,"planned_it_power_mw":840.0,"current_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"all_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"Trainium2","units":1225837,"latest_date":"2027-09-21","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Entergy"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-05-15","latest_timeline_date":"2027-09-21","latest_status_note":"Buildings 1-14 operational. Buildings 1-4 will likely take over 2 years on this site. By comparison, Buildings 1-7 at the New Carlisle site were completed in less than 1.5 years. Assuming a similar pace, we expect 10 additional buildings to take about 2 years after 2025-09-21. This aligns with [expected completion by 2027](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-confirmed-as-company-behind-10bn-mississippi-da…","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-02-24","status":"Land clearing begins","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-10-04","status":"Roof complete on Buildings 3","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-05-15","status":"Buildings 1-4 are operational, based on the buildings shells and backup generators and most of the landscaping looking complete. Building 5 roof is complete but still lacks cooling equipment.","h100_equivalents":171479,"power_mw":273.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2027-09-21","status":"Buildings 1-14 operational. Buildings 1-4 will likely take over 2 years on this site. By comparison, Buildings 1-7 at the New Carlisle site were completed in less than 1.5 years. Assuming a similar pace, we expect 10 ad…","h100_equivalents":633151,"power_mw":1008.0,"buildings":14.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.41046438859674,"lng":-90.18978946705252,"sources":[{"title":"Air Construction Permit","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dQ5Pxl7rQAHLvHoTYrpOX32WAolo46d7/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Permit review document","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1myQ6BYqqzcfsWwv41tufHobvA8T3qo_d/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Backup diesel generator referenced in the permit","url":"https://www.cat.com/en_US/products/new/power-systems/electric-power/diesel-generator-sets/117341.html"},{"title":"New York Times article on Project Rainier","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/24/technology/amazon-ai-data-centers.html"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1WWWmkFubzXYb2RY9PZsF4BtrpmbmdcSJtVTw1kcJxVs/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/amazon-ridgeland"},{"name":"DayOne Nusajaya","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"Malaysia","address":"","h100_equivalents":281455,"power_mw":240.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":9.09,"planned_h100_equivalents":586155,"planned_power_mw":662.0,"planned_it_power_mw":473.0,"current_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"all_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":315337,"latest_date":"2026-10-02","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"H100","units":34400,"latest_date":"2024-12-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2026-10-02","latest_status_note":"Buildings 7-10 are operational. Judging by their state in April 2026, we expect 3 months to finish construction and another 3 months to ramp to full capacity.","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-12-31","status":"Buildings 1-2 are fully operational. Based on DayOne [reporting](https://web.archive.org/web/20241231165420/https://dayonedc.com/) that 120 MW is in operation in Johor, with [50 MW](https://www.moomoo.com/news/post/4188…","h100_equivalents":34411,"power_mw":70.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-01-22","status":"Buildings 3-6 are operational, based on them looking complete. DayOne [reported](https://archive.is/8CFXN) that 390 MW is \"in service\" in Johor as of Jan 30. This is across both Nusajaya (including Phase 1, which we don…","h100_equivalents":281455,"power_mw":336.0,"buildings":6.0},{"date":"2026-04-05","status":"Buildings 7-10 look mostly complete, but there is still some construction work at the edges.","h100_equivalents":281455,"power_mw":336.0,"buildings":6.0},{"date":"2026-10-02","status":"Buildings 7-10 are operational. Judging by their state in April 2026, we expect 3 months to finish construction and another 3 months to ramp to full capacity.","h100_equivalents":586155,"power_mw":662.0,"buildings":10.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":1.4293825,"lng":103.5978535,"sources":[{"title":"News of Phase 2 operation","url":"https://www.moomoo.com/news/post/41886329/support-ai-computing-deployment-gds-holdings-nusajaya-technology-park-datacenter?level=1&data_ticket=1778269491837872"},{"title":"Archived DayOne website - \"120 MW in operation\" in Johor","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20241231165420/https://dayonedc.com/"},{"title":"Archived DayOne website - 390 MW \"in service\" in Johor","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260314134756/https://dayonedc.com/market/johor"},{"title":"Financial Times report that Alibaba and ByteDance are training AI models in southeast Asia","url":"https://www.ft.com/content/96fe9898-a3a4-4a33-be1d-da06bdb6cb2b"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Xu6B3gVZhKvkQ1U5gmXgOgoflyzpgOydm60SYn_lAWE/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/dayone-nusajaya"},{"name":"Amazon Madison Mega Site","owner":"Amazon","users":["Anthropic"],"project":"Project Rainier","country":"United States","address":"Amazon Data Services Inc, Madison Mega Site Nissan Parkway and Highway 22 Canton, Mississippi Madison County","h100_equivalents":214348,"power_mw":284.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":10.76,"planned_h100_equivalents":514436,"planned_power_mw":819.0,"planned_it_power_mw":683.0,"current_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"all_chip_types":["Trainium2"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"Trainium2","units":1111000,"latest_date":"2028-03-15","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-06-23","latest_timeline_date":"2028-03-15","latest_status_note":"Buildings 8-12 are operational. In June of 2026 only a faint outline of buildings 10,11 and 12 is visible, estimating construction completion to be the end of 2027, alligning with [expected completion by 2027](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-confirmed-as-company-behind-10bn-mississippi-data-center-development/). This final estimates adds three months to that for server installation.","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-04","status":"Confirmation that five buildings are fully equipped with cooling and backup generators.","h100_equivalents":214348,"power_mw":341.0,"buildings":5.0},{"date":"2026-06-04","status":"Buildings 6 and 7 roof completed. Building 8 roof nearly completed. Building 9 roof half way up. No new operational buildings.","h100_equivalents":214348,"power_mw":341.0,"buildings":5.0},{"date":"2027-03-01","status":"Buildings 6 and 7 operational, estimated from roofs having been completed 9 months ago (similar timeline to AWS buildings at New Carlisle in 2025).","h100_equivalents":300087,"power_mw":478.0,"buildings":7.0},{"date":"2028-03-15","status":"Buildings 8-12 are operational. In June of 2026 only a faint outline of buildings 10,11 and 12 is visible, estimating construction completion to be the end of 2027, alligning with [expected completion by 2027](https://w…","h100_equivalents":514436,"power_mw":819.0,"buildings":12.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.597381,"lng":-90.0913695,"sources":[{"title":"Air Construction Permit","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lhSF8TBA7fNWsN4Onj-nfL7X_-BN573r/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"Backup diesel generator referenced in the permit","url":"https://www.cat.com/en_US/products/new/power-systems/electric-power/diesel-generator-sets/117341.html"},{"title":"New York Times article on Project Rainier","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/24/technology/amazon-ai-data-centers.html"},{"title":"SemiAnalysis article with imagery of Canton they have labeled as being an Amazon-Anthropic collaboration","url":"https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/amazons-ai-resurgence-aws-anthropics-multi-gigawatt-trainium-expansion"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10asD982gArQ0CQTVo_v331kEx_vDnwhWAusaYo1zsto/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/amazon-madison-mega-site"},{"name":"Start Campus Sines Data Campus","owner":"Nscale","users":["Microsoft"],"project":"","country":"Portugal","address":"Start Campus - Sustainable Data Center Services, Sines, Portugal","h100_equivalents":31834,"power_mw":33.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":1.25,"planned_h100_equivalents":472461,"planned_power_mw":280.0,"planned_it_power_mw":233.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":12600,"latest_date":"2026-03-31","source_type":"Company disclosure"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-04-03","latest_timeline_date":"2027-09-30","latest_status_note":"Building 2 (SIN02) projected to be operational. This is based on the timeline provided in the [factsheet](https://23712035.hs-sites.com/hubfs/SINES_02.PDF.pdf?hsCtaAttrib=199407154715) for the site. We expect VR200 GPUs to be used as a lot of those chips will have already been available in September 2027, and the \"up to 600kW racks\" in the factsheet suggest they are aiming for this.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2022-01-01","status":"Land clearing begins for Building 1 (SIN01)","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2024-10-31","status":"Building 1 (SIN01) is completed, but at this point it likely not being used for AI as the collaboration with Microsoft that resulted in GB300s did not occur until Q1 2026. The completion is based both on satellite image…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-04-03","status":"Building 1 (SIN01) operational for AI, with the first deployment of 12,600 Nvidia GB300 NVL72s to the site being reported completed \"Q1 2026\" based on the [corporate announcement](https://lp.startcampus.pt/start-campus-…","h100_equivalents":31834,"power_mw":40.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-09-30","status":"Building 2 (SIN02) projected to be operational. This is based on the timeline provided in the [factsheet](https://23712035.hs-sites.com/hubfs/SINES_02.PDF.pdf?hsCtaAttrib=199407154715) for the site. We expect VR200 GPUs…","h100_equivalents":472461,"power_mw":280.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":37.934937130916666,"lng":-8.81270570532834,"sources":[{"title":"Website for the site","url":"https://www.startcampus.pt/sines"},{"title":"Factsheet for the full site","url":"https://23712035.hs-sites.com/hubfs/SINES%20DC_1.2%20GW%20DC%20Campus_V2.pdf?hsCtaAttrib=194868835084"},{"title":"Article detailing Microsoft collaboration and GPU amounts","url":"https://lp.startcampus.pt/start-campus-hosts-eus-first-nvidia-gb300-chips-with-nscale-for-microsoft"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1MiA7Ol7YZ7hnnn2rZM9JZqWMVJcHWvxZTX3oUby581U/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/start-campus-sines-data-campus"},{"name":"Fluidstack Lake Mariner","owner":"Fluidstack","users":["Anthropic","G42"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"7725 Lake Rd, Barker, NY 14012","h100_equivalents":109651,"power_mw":100.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.79,"planned_h100_equivalents":469429,"planned_power_mw":509.0,"planned_it_power_mw":436.0,"current_chip_types":["B200","TPU v7","TPU v6e"],"all_chip_types":["B200","TPU v7","TPU v6e"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":568930,"latest_date":"2027-03-31","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v7","units":151593,"latest_date":"2027-03-31","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B200","units":36315,"latest_date":"2026-03-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":["Google"],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-10-01","latest_timeline_date":"2027-03-31","latest_status_note":"Building 5 is operational. On February 26, Terawulf [stated](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results) that CB5 was expected to be energized by Q4 2026. However, based on the pace of Building 4, and comparisons to other projects like Stargate Abilene, we think this is optimistic. We expect a 3-month delay past the end of Q4 2026 t…","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-03-31","status":"Building 2 is operational. On February 26, Terawulf [stated](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results) that CB2A is operational, pre…","h100_equivalents":71753,"power_mw":68.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-05-31","status":"Building 3 is operational. On February 26, Terawulf [stated](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results) that CB3 was expected to be e…","h100_equivalents":109651,"power_mw":117.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-10-31","status":"Building 4 is operational. On February 26, Terawulf [stated](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results) that CB4 was expected to be e…","h100_equivalents":273876,"power_mw":313.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2027-03-31","status":"Building 5 is operational. On February 26, Terawulf [stated](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results) that CB5 was expected to be e…","h100_equivalents":469429,"power_mw":509.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":43.35642754850562,"lng":-78.60203824717944,"sources":[{"title":"Terawulf press release with details of Core42 lease for Buildings 1-2","url":"https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/99/terawulf-to-deliver-over-70-mw-of-data-center"},{"title":"Terawulf press release with details and timeline for Buildings 1-5","url":"https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/132/terawulf-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2025-results"},{"title":"DCD article suggesting that Fluidstack will deploy Google TPUs at Lake Mariner","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-offers-its-tpus-to-ai-cloud-providers-report/"},{"title":"Announcement of Anthropic-Fluidstack partnership, including data center(s) in New York","url":"https://www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-invests-50-billion-in-american-ai-infrastructure"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14qurnezCPHpRcYeAIBc8Y8UOiHDfTNR7hnI_jK9NR00/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/fluidstack-lake-mariner"},{"name":"Meta Montgomery","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"Co Rd 42, Montgomery, AL 36105, USA","h100_equivalents":174330,"power_mw":153.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.8,"planned_h100_equivalents":407276,"planned_power_mw":465.0,"planned_it_power_mw":358.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":322566,"latest_date":"2027-02-23","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":["Hensel Phelps"],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-06-18","latest_timeline_date":"2027-02-23","latest_status_note":"Buildings 3 and 4 are operational (estimate). In September 2025, Building 1 and 2 appeared to be in a similar state to Building 3 and 4 in May 2026. Based on that, we apply an 8-month delay to the Building 1 and 2 operational date to get the Building 3 and 4 operational date.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-03-20","status":"Buildings 1 and 2 are nearly complete, but there's still some equipment strewn around the site and few cars in the front carpark, so we expect 3 more months needed for commissioning and server installation. Building 3 h…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-18","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational (estimate).","h100_equivalents":174330,"power_mw":199.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2027-01-02","status":"Buildings 5 and 6 are operational (estimate). Based on the tent buildings at Meta Prometheus taking about 11 months from starting the tent structure to estimated operation.","h100_equivalents":232946,"power_mw":266.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2027-02-23","status":"Buildings 3 and 4 are operational (estimate). In September 2025, Building 1 and 2 appeared to be in a similar state to Building 3 and 4 in May 2026. Based on that, we apply an 8-month delay to the Building 1 and 2 opera…","h100_equivalents":407276,"power_mw":465.0,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.2700261878772,"lng":-86.32571403699507,"sources":[{"title":"Meta Introduction to the Montgomery Project","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2024/05/hello-montgomery/"},{"title":"Meta expansion announcement","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2025/09/montgomery-were-growing/"},{"title":"Contractor announcement","url":"https://www.henselphelps.com/meta-awards-hensel-phelps-montgomery-data-center/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1gyeamGR5Oifeomj1gHXQqVYTRfGs9PGBq-YD0IGpKK4/edit?gid=2010365208#gid=2010365208","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-montgomery"},{"name":"Google Omaha","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"11110 State St, Omaha, NE 68142","h100_equivalents":135927,"power_mw":237.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":8.98,"planned_h100_equivalents":397676,"planned_power_mw":474.0,"planned_it_power_mw":395.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":302198,"latest_date":"2024-11-19","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5p","units":92339,"latest_date":"2024-11-19","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":47716,"latest_date":"2024-11-19","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-04-08","latest_timeline_date":"2028-07-23","latest_status_note":"Building 5 is operational. We expect a 5th building because there's enough land cleared for one. We assume a roughly 6-month delay after Building 4.","timeline_points":11,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-05-15","status":"Building 3 appears almost complete, with only minimal construction work and equipment remaining. The cooling towers are spaced apart in an unusual way, but there's no obvious sign that more will be installed before oper…","h100_equivalents":65184,"power_mw":189.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-06-30","status":"Building 3 is operational (estimate). Based on there being minimal construction work as of May 15.","h100_equivalents":135927,"power_mw":284.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2028-01-23","status":"Building 4 is operational. Expect a 4th building because there's enough land cleared for it. Assuming the foundation starts at the end of May 2026 and it takes a similar time to Building 3 from foundation to operational…","h100_equivalents":255685,"power_mw":379.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2028-07-23","status":"Building 5 is operational. We expect a 5th building because there's enough land cleared for one. We assume a roughly 6-month delay after Building 4.","h100_equivalents":397676,"power_mw":474.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.09,"lat":41.3417279658935,"lng":-96.08887664721968,"sources":[{"title":"Draft basis of air permit with details of cooling towers","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KN7o-wQOyt1UEud8wpM8PymXJF479r0n/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"2025 Environmental Report","url":"https://sustainability.google/reports/google-2025-environmental-report/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/15HrjYV6poybKwjXxHEBjj5VxdmYtA6oQ3FQGOXMCURg/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-omaha"},{"name":"VNET Bayin Ulanqab","owner":"VNET","users":["ByteDance"],"project":"10 GW Hyperscale 2.0","country":"China","address":"Bayin, Ulanqab, China","h100_equivalents":119252,"power_mw":221.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":8.37,"planned_h100_equivalents":377463,"planned_power_mw":798.0,"planned_it_power_mw":700.0,"current_chip_types":["Ascend 910C"],"all_chip_types":["Ascend 910C"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"Ascend 910C","units":304816,"latest_date":"2025-12-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-07-01","latest_timeline_date":"2027-09-01","latest_status_note":"Estimated: the nine-building section of the campus is projected to be fully operational by late 2027 or early 2028. VNET's eastern cluster (buildings 1-5) took roughly a year each from clearing to operational based on satellite imagery. The western cluster (buildings 6-9) was cleared in late 2024 but as of mid-2026 is not yet structurally complete, putting each on track for ~2 years from clearing to operational. Bui…","timeline_points":9,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-12-01","status":"Building 4 is operational, similarly based on a 3-month fit-out period after structural completion in September, as seen from satellite imagery.","h100_equivalents":119252,"power_mw":252.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-03-05","status":"Satellite imagery shows four operational buildings (1, 2, 4, 5), and the western part of campus (6, 7, 8, 9) has made significant construction progress. The foundation for the northern part of campus (10, 11) has starte…","h100_equivalents":119252,"power_mw":252.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-05-06","status":"Satellite imagery shows building 9 has completed all its chillers, with only its roof remaining. Previous building completion timelines would imply this building will be operational by the end of 2026.","h100_equivalents":119252,"power_mw":252.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2027-09-01","status":"Estimated: the nine-building section of the campus is projected to be fully operational by late 2027 or early 2028. VNET's eastern cluster (buildings 1-5) took roughly a year each from clearing to operational based on s…","h100_equivalents":377463,"power_mw":798.0,"buildings":9.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":40.9810915,"lng":113.3143105,"sources":[{"title":"Official VNET resource page for data centers","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260619185141/https://www.vnet.com/resource.html"},{"title":"Analyst report by Zhongtai Securities, citing 1-GW capacity goals","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260619185224/https://stcn.com/article/detail/2241162.html"},{"title":"Interview with VP Gavin Shen: campus will be AI-driven","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/2/https://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/vnet-group-inc-nasdaqvnet-q3-2024-earnings-call-transcript-1395031/"},{"title":"ByteDance-VNET 500 MW data center deal (China-wide)","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tiktok-owner-bytedance-signs-500mw-vnet-china-data-center-deal/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1zHNmd-avKvWoJc_ivOj6u54g9OyIDjM2-ybubuxj2yc/edit?usp=drive_link","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/vnet-bayin-ulanqab"},{"name":"Google New Albany","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"1101 Beech Rd SW, New Albany, OH 43054","h100_equivalents":207175,"power_mw":339.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":327943,"planned_power_mw":543.0,"planned_it_power_mw":453.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":410696,"latest_date":"2025-10-14","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":296853,"latest_date":"2024-09-13","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5p","units":94812,"latest_date":"2024-09-13","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v7","units":16920,"latest_date":"2025-10-14","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-04-20","latest_timeline_date":"2026-12-18","latest_status_note":"Building 5 is operational. On 2026-01-18, Building 5 overall looked like where Building 4 was on 2024-12-14. Building 4 was estimated to be operational as of 2025-10-14. So assuming a similar timeline, Building 5 will be operational by 2026-12-18.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-06-01","status":"Building 3 is operational, based on all cooling units and tanks installed, minimal construction work around the building. Building 4 still has some work around the cooling towers. Work is underway on Building 5 - some w…","h100_equivalents":108641,"power_mw":272.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2025-10-14","status":"Building 4 is operational, based on all cooling units and tanks installed, minimal construction work around the building. Building 5 roof is half complete. About half of the backup generators are in place. One cooling t…","h100_equivalents":207175,"power_mw":407.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-01-18","status":"Water vapor from cooling towers is present across Building 1-4, confirming their operation. Building 5 roof is still incomplete, but most backup generators and 5 cooling towers have been installed.","h100_equivalents":207175,"power_mw":407.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-12-18","status":"Building 5 is operational. On 2026-01-18, Building 5 overall looked like where Building 4 was on 2024-12-14. Building 4 was estimated to be operational as of 2025-10-14. So assuming a similar timeline, Building 5 will b…","h100_equivalents":327943,"power_mw":543.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.97,"lat":40.05676742111392,"lng":-82.76773765755071,"sources":[{"title":"Draft basis of air permit for Google Omaha, a similar data center","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KN7o-wQOyt1UEud8wpM8PymXJF479r0n/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"2025 Environmental Report","url":"https://sustainability.google/reports/google-2025-environmental-report/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1BeBRnZIRIC0daw-VUJ4udbD0-TA_bnbIMOU_PHnCzzE/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-new-albany"},{"name":"Google Pryor (North)","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"4581 Webb St, Pryor, OK 74361","h100_equivalents":17484,"power_mw":53.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":2.01,"planned_h100_equivalents":325922,"planned_power_mw":442.0,"planned_it_power_mw":368.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5p","TPU v5e"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5p","TPU v5e"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":67102,"latest_date":"2024-07-19","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5p","units":27959,"latest_date":"2024-07-19","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-07-19","latest_timeline_date":"2026-08-24","latest_status_note":"Building 2 is operational (estimate).","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-01-28","status":"Building 2 is being retrofitted from a warehouse. The roof is being painted white, and cooling towers and a new substation are being built just south of the building (based on later imagery).","h100_equivalents":17484,"power_mw":63.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2025-10-19","status":"The new substation for Building 2 looks mostly complete, half of the cooling towers are installed. The black patch in the top left of the building suggests that the new roof is not quite complete.","h100_equivalents":17484,"power_mw":63.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-26","status":"Building 2 looks almost complete, but still appears to have three cooling towers missing. We therefore expect another 3 months until full operation.","h100_equivalents":17484,"power_mw":63.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-08-24","status":"Building 2 is operational (estimate).","h100_equivalents":325922,"power_mw":442.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":2.28,"lat":36.245349692692095,"lng":-95.3234948330576,"sources":[{"title":"Google announces expansion of Pryor facility","url":"https://blog.google/inside-google/company-announcements/google-american-innovation-oklahoma/"},{"title":"Google 2025 Environmental Report","url":"https://sustainability.google/reports/google-2025-environmental-report/"},{"title":"News of a 9 exaflop TPUv4 cluster in the Pryor data center, launched in 2022","url":"https://techcrunch.com/2022/05/11/google-launches-a-9-exaflop-cluster-of-cloud-tpu-v4-pods-into-public-preview/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1t7cRs2OukCKSz88qEnyF7vlGWdgY5MpVOLcd79nFdnQ/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-pryor-north"},{"name":"Google Lincoln","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5475 Cloud Ct, Lincoln, NE 68514","h100_equivalents":126832,"power_mw":141.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.34,"planned_h100_equivalents":322890,"planned_power_mw":339.0,"planned_it_power_mw":283.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-05-12","latest_timeline_date":"2027-10-01","latest_status_note":"Building 2 operational. Estimated based on the construction timeline for Building 1, specifically the time to operational since the roof was complete and the time to operational since the foundation work began.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-07-01","status":"Land clearing begins for the site","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-10-23","status":"Building 1 looks mostly complete: the large items like generators and substation are done. It is just missing 2 more cooling towers (4 fans). They just seem to be paving and setting up the secondary equipment so it is p…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-05-12","status":"Building 1 operational. This is based on the fact that is no more visible equipment or construction around the building, and based on previous imagery and when construction started on the last pieces of equipment (fans)…","h100_equivalents":126832,"power_mw":170.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-10-01","status":"Building 2 operational. Estimated based on the construction timeline for Building 1, specifically the time to operational since the roof was complete and the time to operational since the foundation work began.","h100_equivalents":322890,"power_mw":339.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":40.90704965,"lng":-96.65363934999999,"sources":[{"title":"Army corps land use application with a useful construction plan diagram, split across 7 phases","url":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Application_no-_NWO-2019-00110-WEH_-_USACE-p16021coll15-1525.pdf"},{"title":"DCD article on the start of site construction","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/work-on-data-center-in-lincoln-nebraska-finally-starting/"},{"title":"Rezoning approval, stating 75 ft building height","url":"https://lnklan.granicus.com/DocumentViewer.php?file=lnklan_bfe1e3023d49404348f26355e113cb22.pdf&view=1"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ep7v8wbYnMLBSKj7xxhWRcwILh9MYcdoE2-5eduV4kQ/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-lincoln"},{"name":"Google Columbus","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5076 S High St, Columbus, OH 43207","h100_equivalents":215260,"power_mw":303.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":11.48,"planned_h100_equivalents":320869,"planned_power_mw":464.0,"planned_it_power_mw":386.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v5p","TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":255089,"latest_date":"2025-10-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":99419,"latest_date":"2024-04-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5p","units":69042,"latest_date":"2025-03-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v7","units":12945,"latest_date":"2025-10-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-04-01","latest_timeline_date":"2027-07-01","latest_status_note":"Building 5 operational. The [transmission line construction notice](https://www.aeptransmission.com/ohio/docs/Hartman%20Farms%20Extension%20No.%202%20138%20kV%20Transmission%20Line%20Project%20Construction%20Notice.pdf) that expands site by 100 MW is assumed to be entirely for Building 5, and has an in-service date of July 1, 2027 (page 3). Estimate taken on the safe side based on completion times for Building 3-4 f…","timeline_points":8,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-01","status":"Building 3 operational. Surrounding roads finished, no more visible construction.","h100_equivalents":137443,"power_mw":260.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-02-21","status":"Buildings 1-3 are visibly operational, with steam coming out of the cooling towers. Meanwhile Building 4 is extremely close to completion, with all backup generators complete with only 3 cooling towers missing their fan…","h100_equivalents":137443,"power_mw":260.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-05-01","status":"Building 4 operational. No more visible construction, and since only 3 fans needed to be installed since Feburary, operational date was likely soon after. Building 5 roof almost complete.","h100_equivalents":215260,"power_mw":364.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2027-07-01","status":"Building 5 operational. The [transmission line construction notice](https://www.aeptransmission.com/ohio/docs/Hartman%20Farms%20Extension%20No.%202%20138%20kV%20Transmission%20Line%20Project%20Construction%20Notice.pdf)…","h100_equivalents":320869,"power_mw":464.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":39.851079999999996,"lng":-82.99569523827688,"sources":[{"title":"DCD article detailing early work beginning on the site","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-breaks-ground-on-columbus-ohio-data-center/"},{"title":"Transmission line construction notice; details current site capacity, expansion, and maximum future site capacity","url":"https://www.aeptransmission.com/ohio/docs/Hartman%20Farms%20Extension%20No.%202%20138%20kV%20Transmission%20Line%20Project%20Construction%20Notice.pdf"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1e-Nessugnu9NHs1G7p0jDvC1FcHmp_C7EUQDbVSaWZQ/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-columbus"},{"name":"QTS Richmond 3","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"6000 Technology Blvd, Sandston, VA 23150","h100_equivalents":174836,"power_mw":144.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.46,"planned_h100_equivalents":291056,"planned_power_mw":336.0,"planned_it_power_mw":240.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Dominion Energy"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-02-13","latest_timeline_date":"2027-02-13","latest_status_note":"Building 4 and 5 are operational, based on Building 5 being roughly 1 year behind Building 1 in satellite imagery.","timeline_points":7,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-12-31","status":"The substation looks complete, but we expect Building 1 still needs commissioning before it is fully operational.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-13","status":"Building 1 is operational, based on the substation being completed earlier and cars in the carpark. Building 2 and 3 are not operational, based on minor construction work at the perimeter and no cars in the carpark, but…","h100_equivalents":58110,"power_mw":67.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-14","status":"Building 2 and 3 are operational, based on the previous entry.","h100_equivalents":174836,"power_mw":202.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2027-02-13","status":"Building 4 and 5 are operational, based on Building 5 being roughly 1 year behind Building 1 in satellite imagery.","h100_equivalents":291056,"power_mw":336.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":37.47915841242282,"lng":-77.25094737148953,"sources":[{"title":"Richmond 3 factsheet","url":"https://q.com/data-centers/richmond-3/"},{"title":"Environmental permit detailing power generation","url":"https://www.deq.virginia.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/25650/638627871515730000"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JNkuiBpWs4M0ToP3DsTZQaevvFEpaW841KQ3PG9JQYE/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/qts-richmond-3"},{"name":"Colossus 1","owner":"SpaceXAI","users":["Anthropic"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"3231 Riverport Rd, Memphis, TN 38109","h100_equivalents":275796,"power_mw":340.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":12.88,"planned_h100_equivalents":275796,"planned_power_mw":442.0,"planned_it_power_mw":340.0,"current_chip_types":["H100","H200","B200"],"all_chip_types":["H100","H200","B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":300000,"latest_date":"2026-06-01","source_type":"Company disclosure"},{"chip_type":"H200","units":100000,"latest_date":"2026-06-01","source_type":"Company disclosure"},{"chip_type":"B200","units":60000,"latest_date":"2026-06-01","source_type":"Company disclosure"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["MLGW"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-08-11","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-15","latest_status_note":"No major changes to the data center since February. Solar panels have been placed next to the facility.","timeline_points":12,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-11-07","status":"Third substation was expected to power the building in Fall.","h100_equivalents":275796,"power_mw":442.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-02-11","status":"All air-cooled chillers have been disconnected and/or removed from the site, leaving only the cooling towers for cooling. The third substation looks complete, with red cables connected to the building.","h100_equivalents":275796,"power_mw":425.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-06","status":"Anthropic [announces](https://www.anthropic.com/news/higher-limits-spacex) their agreement with SpaceX to use all of the compute capacity at Colossus 1. They state that this corresponds to more than 300 MW (presumably I…","h100_equivalents":275796,"power_mw":425.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-06-15","status":"No major changes to the data center since February. Solar panels have been placed next to the facility.","h100_equivalents":275796,"power_mw":425.0,"buildings":1.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":35.06016616737861,"lng":-90.15546042296336,"sources":[{"title":"May 2025 Electricity Provider Disclosure","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/17WAFThn95X85ebzA_e19R1zYycwFzAl2/view?usp=sharing"},{"title":"July 2025 Permit for Gas Turbines","url":"https://www.scribd.com/document/883601734/01156-01PC-070225-Permit"},{"title":"Southern Environmental Law Center Gas Permit Appeal, with additional satellite images","url":"https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/NAACP-and-YGGs-xAI-Air-Permit-Appeal-7-15-2025.pdf"},{"title":"Disclosure on X (formerly Twitter) by Elon Musk of the breakdown of GPUs","url":"https://archive.is/oHQSA"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1aXs4vx7AMrzUIR3YeBvJRAD_rmDiioY9zR95DZdDa_s/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/colossus-1"},{"name":"Google Storey County","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":89439,"power_mw":161.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":6.1,"planned_h100_equivalents":266801,"planned_power_mw":389.0,"planned_it_power_mw":300.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v6e"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v6e"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":205463,"latest_date":"2023-08-30","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":121656,"latest_date":"2025-06-30","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2023-08-30","latest_timeline_date":"2027-06-30","latest_status_note":"Building 3 is estimated to be operational. We estimate the operational date by analogy to the time that Building 1 took to go from a foundation to being operational. The power capacity is based on the number of generators reported in an air quality permit [application](https://ndep-onbase.nv.gov/api/Document/AeFo%C3%89pjclbkomJ7CWpPryLOjA6FQT9HFrkSuMWbMXTpKCzSR%C3%81W1f8zzFhGhik1iZCcNSpuTRRqNXD1inrrpBxtA%3D/) (p.92-…","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-06-30","status":"Building 2 is operational. Based on a [Google Earth image](https://earth.google.com/web/@39.49733738,-119.43113543,1552.05877612a,1467.7067385d,35y,0h,0t,0r/) showing complete building shell, mechanical equipment and ge…","h100_equivalents":89439,"power_mw":214.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2025-09-28","status":"Building 3 foundation is underway. Building 2 exterior looks totally clean/landscaped.","h100_equivalents":89439,"power_mw":214.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-04-13","status":"Building 3 has a partially complete shell, electrical and mechanical equipment. Building 4 foundation is underway.","h100_equivalents":89439,"power_mw":214.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2027-06-30","status":"Building 3 is estimated to be operational. We estimate the operational date by analogy to the time that Building 1 took to go from a foundation to being operational. The power capacity is based on the number of generato…","h100_equivalents":266801,"power_mw":389.0,"buildings":3.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":39.494683499999994,"lng":-119.431309,"sources":[{"title":"Air quality permit application listing emergency generators and a small \"R&D\" fuel cell plant","url":"https://ndep-onbase.nv.gov/api/Document/AeFo%C3%89pjclbkomJ7CWpPryLOjA6FQT9HFrkSuMWbMXTpKCzSR%C3%81W1f8zzFhGhik1iZCcNSpuTRRqNXD1inrrpBxtA%3D/"},{"title":"Aterio","url":"https://www.aterio.io/"},{"title":"Google data center page","url":"https://datacenters.google/locations/storey-county-nevada/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1G4LHvXjqYJYYpOo473XZXuZ-8L2jurIcwVPfGGnuk14/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-storey-county"},{"name":"CoreWeave Denton TX","owner":"CoreWeave","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"8171 Jim Christal Rd, Denton, TX 76207","h100_equivalents":252653,"power_mw":262.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":9.93,"planned_h100_equivalents":252653,"planned_power_mw":366.8,"planned_it_power_mw":262.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":166000,"latest_date":"2026-06-30","source_type":"Company disclosure, Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-05-31","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-30","latest_status_note":"Remaining Denton South buildings scheduled to complete by midyear 2026, running the full CoreWeave contracted load.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-12-31","status":"67 billable MW dedicated for CoreWeave's AI across three buildings. Half the campus energized.","h100_equivalents":40424,"power_mw":93.8,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-02-23","status":"Satellite imagery shows Denton North largely built out/operational and Denton South first data hall plus support equipment substantially installed. Remaining Denton South buildings still under construction.","h100_equivalents":126326,"power_mw":183.4,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-03-02","status":"Denton North is fully operational running AI (Denton North at 90 MW, Denton South partially running at 41)","h100_equivalents":126326,"power_mw":183.4,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-06-30","status":"Remaining Denton South buildings scheduled to complete by midyear 2026, running the full CoreWeave contracted load.","h100_equivalents":252653,"power_mw":366.8,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.21547654558468,"lng":-97.21044103800149,"sources":[{"title":"Core Scientific - CoreWeave Announce 1.2B expansion in Denton, TX","url":"https://investors.corescientific.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/110/core-scientific-and-coreweave-announce-1-2-billion-expansion-at-denton-tx-site"},{"title":"Core Scientific - Denton Datacenter Official Site","url":"https://corescientific.com/high-density-data-centers/denton-texas/"},{"title":"TMF - Core Scientific Q4 2025 Earnings Transcript","url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/03/02/core-scientific-corz-q4-2025-earnings-transcript/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/16CaT68tgyKFIbkv2VN-Z7nC5r6pszUKABfj9ZEmmFW8/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-denton-tx"},{"name":"Meta Cheyenne","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"Cheyenne, WY 82007, USA","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":251137,"planned_power_mw":264.0,"planned_it_power_mw":220.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":167749,"latest_date":"2027-02-15","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-07-25","latest_timeline_date":"2027-02-15","latest_status_note":"Buildings 3 and 4 are similar in style and size to the ones seen at the Prometheus site, we estimate their operability based on that timeline.","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-01-30","status":"Structure for Building 1 and 2 under construction.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-22","status":"Building 1 shell and cooling looks complete, Building 2 roof almost complete.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-07-25","status":"Both buildings estimated to be operational.","h100_equivalents":172815,"power_mw":182.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2027-02-15","status":"Buildings 3 and 4 are similar in style and size to the ones seen at the Prometheus site, we estimate their operability based on that timeline.","h100_equivalents":251137,"power_mw":264.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.0800925,"lng":-104.8240955,"sources":[{"title":"Meta Introduction to the Cheyenne Project","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2024/07/hello-cheyenne/"},{"title":"Fortis Construction announcement","url":"https://fortisconstruction.com/news/fortis-building-metas-cheyenne-campus/"},{"title":"Press announcement suggesting a 2027 operational date","url":"https://cheyenneleads.org/meta-announces-new-data-center-a-major-investment-in-cheyenne-wyoming/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12-VqZMagtKT_6aSSlHXIg22E6iWwVWU5FJ4yZurQtro/edit?gid=2010365208#gid=2010365208","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-cheyenne"},{"name":"STACK Infrastructure NVA02","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"9590 Hornbaker Rd, Manassas, VA 20109","h100_equivalents":61142,"power_mw":85.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.22,"planned_h100_equivalents":250632,"planned_power_mw":487.0,"planned_it_power_mw":348.0,"current_chip_types":["H100"],"all_chip_types":["H100"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":60911,"latest_date":"2024-10-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-10-01","latest_timeline_date":"2028-01-01","latest_status_note":"Estimate: All 6 AI data center buildings will be finished in 2028, assuming a groundbreak-to-operational timeline of 18-24 months. One is complete, three are clearly under construction, and the last two data centers are still breaking ground and laying foundations.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2019-10-19","status":"Land clearing begins by Peterson Companies for Stack Infrastructure, which is noted in the [news](https://www.bisnow.com/washington-dc/news/data-center/peterson-cos-partnering-to-build-4m-sf-data-center-campus-in-manass…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2024-10-01","status":"Building 1 is operational, which is assumed to be three months after the last backup diesel generators are finished. The generators were first seen to be finished July 1 from satellite imagery [(a clear image of this ca…","h100_equivalents":61142,"power_mw":118.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-02-14","status":"All buildings have begun construction (with groundwork starting for AI building 6), as depicted by satellite imagery.","h100_equivalents":61142,"power_mw":118.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2028-01-01","status":"Estimate: All 6 AI data center buildings will be finished in 2028, assuming a groundbreak-to-operational timeline of 18-24 months. One is complete, three are clearly under construction, and the last two data centers are…","h100_equivalents":250632,"power_mw":487.0,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":38.744820000000004,"lng":-77.53963350000001,"sources":[{"title":"Official website for NVA02, showcasing their project.","url":"https://www.stackinfra.com/locations/americas/northern-virginia/nva02/"},{"title":"Most recent official schematic of the NVA02 campus.","url":"https://www.stackinfra.com/about/news-press/press-releases/stack-infrastructure-expands-northern-virginia-data-center-campus/"},{"title":"Air quality permit from the state of Virginia.","url":"https://www.deq.virginia.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/25966/638633868679100000"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VaMTR_IA8V30N7aa47QXt1VVLog_-LzLWSrGuFIGF8c/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/stack-infrastructure-nva02"},{"name":"QTS Richmond 1","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"6000 Technology Blvd, Sandston, VA 23150","h100_equivalents":242547,"power_mw":238.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":9.02,"planned_h100_equivalents":242547,"planned_power_mw":333.0,"planned_it_power_mw":238.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Dominion Energy"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-01-29","latest_timeline_date":"2026-02-13","latest_status_note":"No changes to the site since December 2025.","timeline_points":9,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-06-03","status":"Building 4 is operational, based on a complete building and full carpark in a [Google Earth image](https://earth.google.com/web/@37.48350155,-77.25010039,60.24751599a,83.68032361d,30.00094375y,3.66969189h,0t,0r/data=Cgw…","h100_equivalents":183931,"power_mw":266.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2025-11-19","status":"Building 5 is operational, based on a complete building and full carpark in a [Google Earth image](https://earth.google.com/web/@37.48747566,-77.2485616,47.03705985a,2549.72172121d,30.00094375y,3.66969189h,0t,0r/data=Ch…","h100_equivalents":242547,"power_mw":333.0,"buildings":5.0},{"date":"2025-12-31","status":"No changes to the site since November 2025.","h100_equivalents":242547,"power_mw":333.0,"buildings":5.0},{"date":"2026-02-13","status":"No changes to the site since December 2025.","h100_equivalents":242547,"power_mw":333.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":37.485458,"lng":-77.24694500000001,"sources":[{"title":"Richmond 1 factsheet","url":"https://qtsdatacenters.com/data-centers/richmond-1/"},{"title":"Environmental permit detailing power generation","url":"https://www.deq.virginia.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/25650/638627871515730000"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1tCoNEu-EK4B261RUWGlDO_341hPs9hnwBtkGO2dDOcA/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/qts-richmond-1"},{"name":"Meta Rosemount","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"1772-2396 145th St, Rosemount, MN 55068, USA","h100_equivalents":215766,"power_mw":178.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":6.74,"planned_h100_equivalents":215766,"planned_power_mw":241.0,"planned_it_power_mw":178.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":85364,"latest_date":"2025-04-29","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-06-19","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-19","latest_status_note":"Building 1 and 2 are operational.","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-05-30","status":"Land is cleared.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-21","status":"Both buildings and their cooling infrastructure look complete, but the site probably isn't commissioned (tested) yet, and few cars are parked to the right of Building 1. We give another 3 months before it's operational.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-19","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational.","h100_equivalents":215766,"power_mw":241.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":44.73396395117844,"lng":-93.06195911251868,"sources":[{"title":"Official Meta announcement.","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2024/03/hello-rosemount/"},{"title":"Air quality permit for initial buildout.","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1i2D0eMp9uc1CfRhymu69Bms5wz9q0Rkc/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11pdqhcJnw3iAwraTho9AW4m7WyBdvTR9sYzK0z5-SC8/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-rosemount"},{"name":"CoreWeave Chester VA","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"1401 Meadowville Technology Parkway, Chester, VA","h100_equivalents":142496,"power_mw":82.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.11,"planned_h100_equivalents":210712,"planned_power_mw":197.0,"planned_it_power_mw":113.0,"current_chip_types":["H100"],"all_chip_types":["H100","R200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":36900,"latest_date":"2024-04-30","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"R200","units":21355,"latest_date":"2027-03-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-01-31","latest_timeline_date":"2027-06-30","latest_status_note":"Buildings 3 is estimated complete by the end of Q1 2027, based on the current PowerHouse schedule. Added another three months to account for commissioning and server installation.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-04-30","status":"Building 1 is scheduled to be fully online by this point, so I count the full 27 MW here.","h100_equivalents":22082,"power_mw":38.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2025-01-22","status":"Satellite imagery shows Building 1 complete, with Building 2's yard work and early construction visible. Building 3 hasn't started yet, since the old building is still there.","h100_equivalents":22082,"power_mw":38.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-20","status":"Based on satellite imagery, Building 3 has cleared its land and is beginning construction. Building 2 is operational judging from the colored motion artifacts on the cooling tower fans.","h100_equivalents":142496,"power_mw":114.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2027-06-30","status":"Buildings 3 is estimated complete by the end of Q1 2027, based on the current PowerHouse schedule. Added another three months to account for commissioning and server installation.","h100_equivalents":210712,"power_mw":197.0,"buildings":3.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":37.3591007,"lng":-77.3295152,"sources":[],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1d6BKTzXUVmUCBOjAv2WR8GOHKXodNaD0vrDpE6Zmvms/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-chester-va"},{"name":"Microsoft Goodyear","owner":"Microsoft","users":["OpenAI","Microsoft"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"14250 W Broadway Rd, Goodyear, AZ 85338","h100_equivalents":205154,"power_mw":202.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":7.65,"planned_h100_equivalents":205154,"planned_power_mw":263.0,"planned_it_power_mw":202.0,"current_chip_types":["A100","H100","B200"],"all_chip_types":["A100","H100","B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":87453,"latest_date":"2025-01-16","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B200","units":58121,"latest_date":"2025-09-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"A100","units":20000,"latest_date":"2021-06-16","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2023-04-24","latest_timeline_date":"2026-04-27","latest_status_note":"Foundations appear to be underway for Building 5 and 6, just north of Building 4.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-01-16","status":"Building 2 operational. Based on interpolating satellite images from Sentinel-2 and Google Earth.","h100_equivalents":58110,"power_mw":105.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2025-09-01","status":"Building 3 and 4 operational. Based on interpolating satellite images from Sentinel-2 and Google Earth.","h100_equivalents":205154,"power_mw":263.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2025-11-12","status":"Confirmation that Building 3 and 4 look complete.","h100_equivalents":205154,"power_mw":263.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-04-27","status":"Foundations appear to be underway for Building 5 and 6, just north of Building 4.","h100_equivalents":205154,"power_mw":263.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.41100157433634,"lng":-112.36633687933517,"sources":[{"title":"Maricopa County map","url":"https://gis.maricopa.gov/aqd/recordsviewer/#"},{"title":"Dust control permit","url":"https://edms.maricopa.gov/aq/api/Document/AQizTh7Ek3Odb1UYnAFQc%C3%81Z0k59aCsu4%C3%890gw6xcPqnhTfYtG7scD%C3%89BewWyX4qdzXFk%C3%81xL9%C3%89VthN71ODAxZuKKeU%3D/"},{"title":"SemiAnalysis article","url":"https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/microsofts-ai-strategy-deconstructed"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12pVrAs40UMGZwxdJz5lyFlr-CATUwl4Im42BVDvi8-A/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-goodyear"},{"name":"Meta Jeffersonville","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"500 8th St, Jeffersonville, IN 47130, USA","h100_equivalents":203133,"power_mw":178.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":6.74,"planned_h100_equivalents":203133,"planned_power_mw":241.0,"planned_it_power_mw":178.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":80486,"latest_date":"2026-03-06","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-06-04","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-04","latest_status_note":"Building 1 and 2 are operational.","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-02-01","status":"Land clearing begins.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-06","status":"Building 1 and 2 shell and cooling look complete, but there's still construction activity. We give it another 3 months to operational.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-04","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational.","h100_equivalents":203133,"power_mw":241.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":38.36946610265511,"lng":-85.6642963326903,"sources":[{"title":"Official Meta Fact Sheet","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Meta_s-Jeffersonville-Data-Center.pdf"},{"title":"Turner Construction contractor presenting their involvement in the project.","url":"https://www.turnerconstruction.com/insights/turner-construction-company-to-build-hyperscale-data-center-for-meta-in-indiana"},{"title":"Air Quality Permit for initial buildout","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RpOCS_z32qaWskhhAJL8_QjU9VSz5Eqh/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AlQw55-NjGpM-Ti15amJZY50REI4vcJ4EYwH7mIfglo/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-jeffersonville"},{"name":"Meta Temple","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"2310 Eberhardt Rd, Temple, TX 76504","h100_equivalents":173248,"power_mw":152.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.76,"planned_h100_equivalents":202473,"planned_power_mw":231.0,"planned_it_power_mw":178.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":148710,"latest_date":"2026-09-30","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":["JE Dunn"],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-12-09","latest_timeline_date":"2026-09-30","latest_status_note":"Building 3 is operational. Based on the stated completion date in this [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008019)","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-04-01","status":"The traditional Meta data center has been demolished mid-construction, in favor of Meta's new AI-optimized design.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-11-15","status":"Building 1 and 2 look complete from outside, with all electrical and cooling equipment installed. Space is cleared for Building 3.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-12-09","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational. Activity related to the air quality permit (namely, emergency diesel generators) was reported to have started as of 2025-12-09. This is our best estimate, but note that the planned comp…","h100_equivalents":173248,"power_mw":198.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-09-30","status":"Building 3 is operational. Based on the stated completion date in this [regulatory filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008019)","h100_equivalents":202473,"power_mw":231.0,"buildings":3.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":31.13095209468522,"lng":-97.36953819786845,"sources":[{"title":"JE Dunn project page","url":"https://jedunn.com/projects/meta-temple-data-center/"},{"title":"TDLR filing","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2022017728"},{"title":"TDLR filing","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026008019"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1SwdruUu3hHAs6hd0m3SvZY22bGBCO7-9aiLSCiJl6-k/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-temple"},{"name":"CoreWeave Muskogee OK","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"1525 W 43rd St S, Muskogee, OK 74401, USA","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":198080,"planned_power_mw":181.0,"planned_it_power_mw":153.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":36000,"latest_date":"2026-12-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-12-31","latest_timeline_date":"2027-12-31","latest_status_note":"Core Scientific expects initial delivery of the second, unleased 82.5 MW Muskogee building in Q4 2027. Not signed to have CoreWeave GPUs as of yet, but may change in the future. Source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1839341/000162828026030918/exhibit991polarispressre.htm","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-04-09","status":"Based on satellite imagery, Building 1 looks mostly complete, but the site still appears to be in construction or commissioning. Not much progress has happened in the past 4 months, and a Q2 2026 finish seems unlikely.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-13","status":"Based on satellite imagery, Building 1 has completed construction, with adjacent land cleared for what we're assuming will have power substations/generators. We can assume Building 1 is not operational from all the yard…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-12-31","status":"Estimating building 1 is operational by the end of the year, judging from the building currently completed, the completed power substation to the southwest. The surrounding yard work/construction will likely still take…","h100_equivalents":90955,"power_mw":98.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-12-31","status":"Core Scientific expects initial delivery of the second, unleased 82.5 MW Muskogee building in Q4 2027. Not signed to have CoreWeave GPUs as of yet, but may change in the future. Source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edga…","h100_equivalents":198080,"power_mw":181.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":35.69363600533791,"lng":-95.38847294893553,"sources":[{"title":"Core Scientific ground breaking announcement","url":"https://investors.corescientific.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/99/core-scientific-and-port-muskogee-break-ground-on-100-mw-hpc-data-center"},{"title":"Port Muskogee ground breaking announcement","url":"https://www.portmuskogee.com/core-scientific-and-port-muskogee-break-ground-on-100-mw-hpc-data-center/"},{"title":"Air quality permit application","url":"https://applications.deq.ok.gov/permitspublic/storedpermits/9138.pdf"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14s8DmbRuWQQsfaZ7E7pj4XoOq-3RrXiDNn6p0dbZ8nc/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-muskogee-ok"},{"name":"QTS Richmond 2","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"6000 Technology Blvd, Sandston, VA 23150","h100_equivalents":182921,"power_mw":180.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":6.82,"planned_h100_equivalents":182921,"planned_power_mw":252.0,"planned_it_power_mw":180.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Dominion Energy"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-02-04","latest_timeline_date":"2026-05-14","latest_status_note":"Building 5 is estimated to be operational, based on the previous entry.","timeline_points":8,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-11-19","status":"The west substation looks complete, based on a [Google Earth image](https://earth.google.com/web/@37.48673632,-77.24119214,61.15398527a,3616.77426559d,30.00094375y,0.00000001h,0.59183057t,0r/data=CgwqBggBEgAYAUICCAEyKQo…","h100_equivalents":52046,"power_mw":101.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2025-12-31","status":"Building 3 and 4 are operational, based on the substation being completed earlier, the buildings looking complete, and carparks being moderately full. Building 5 still has construction work.","h100_equivalents":138959,"power_mw":202.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-02-13","status":"Building 5 still has construction work at the perimeter, but given how close it looks to completion, we estimate it's only about 3 months away from operational.","h100_equivalents":138959,"power_mw":202.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-05-14","status":"Building 5 is estimated to be operational, based on the previous entry.","h100_equivalents":182921,"power_mw":252.0,"buildings":5.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":37.48504483945507,"lng":-77.24281409666165,"sources":[{"title":"Richmond 2 factsheet","url":"https://qtsdatacenters.com/data-centers/richmond-1/"},{"title":"Environmental permit detailing power generation","url":"https://www.deq.virginia.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/25650/638627871515730000"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ABNg-_JXDzzO4bPbXLD7tIZCQNDD-UOkY_0Sktf7bDo/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/qts-richmond-2"},{"name":"Meta Kuna","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"601 Kuna Mora Rd,  Kuna ID 83634","h100_equivalents":173320,"power_mw":152.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":5.76,"planned_h100_equivalents":173320,"planned_power_mw":198.0,"planned_it_power_mw":152.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":68571,"latest_date":"2026-08-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":["Idaho Power Company"],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-06-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-01","latest_status_note":"Building 1 and 2 are operational. The 2nd phase of an offsetting solar array goes online on May 31, 2026. Idaho Public Utilities Comission's approval for this start date notes that \"[Meta]’s load is expected to increase so much that it will suffer a capacity deficit in June 2026 if served only by Pleasant Valley Solar 1.1,” A redacted table in the staff comments document suggests the data center's load will continue…","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2022-10-03","status":"Land clearing begins.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-15","status":"Building 1 and 2 look complete from outside, with all electrical and cooling equipment installed. Construction has started on 2 smaller buldings to the north. Meta announced the arrival of the first server rack the foll…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-06-01","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational. The 2nd phase of an offsetting solar array goes online on May 31, 2026. Idaho Public Utilities Comission's approval for this start date notes that \"[Meta]’s load is expected to increase…","h100_equivalents":173320,"power_mw":198.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":70000.0,"lat":43.46745649582408,"lng":-116.27014857946995,"sources":[{"title":"Official Pamphlet from Meta","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Meta_s-Kuna-Data-Center.pdf"},{"title":"Application for Power Purchase Agreement, Pleasant Valley Solar 1","url":"https://puc.idaho.gov/Fileroom/PublicFiles/ELEC/IPC/IPCE2229/CaseFiles/20221114Application.pdf"},{"title":"Application for Power Purchase Agreement, Pleasant Valley Solar 2","url":"https://lf-puc.idaho.gov/WebLink/DocView.aspx?dbid=0&id=73294"},{"title":"Approval to move start date of Solar 2 to May 31, 2026","url":"https://puc.idaho.gov/Fileroom/PublicFiles/ELEC/IPC/IPCE2420/OrdNotc/20240913Final_Order_No_36322.pdf"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1I4oCviRN5Es3njqhSlm3WD7Hxfitb29eVJEGOaTbiTc/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-kuna"},{"name":"Google Council Bluffs (East)","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"10410 Bunge Ave, Council Bluffs, IA 51503","h100_equivalents":163214,"power_mw":237.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":8.98,"planned_h100_equivalents":163214,"planned_power_mw":284.0,"planned_it_power_mw":237.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v6e","TPU v5p"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v5e","TPU v6e","TPU v5p"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":214834,"latest_date":"2025-06-15","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5e","units":60472,"latest_date":"2024-11-19","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v5p","units":25197,"latest_date":"2024-11-19","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-11-19","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-10","latest_status_note":"Building 3 is operational. Assuming it takes 2 months to install all 7 cooling towers, then another 3 months for final touches and commissioning.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-06-15","status":"Building 2 is operational. Assuming it takes 3 months after generators and cooling towers are finished, similar to Building 1.","h100_equivalents":92471,"power_mw":190.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2025-07-19","status":"Land clearing begins in the southwest, suggesting more buildings are planned.","h100_equivalents":92471,"power_mw":190.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-01-11","status":"Building 3 has all 34 backup generators installed and 4 cooling towers installed, with 3 more cooling towers under construction. There are gaps between cooling towers suggesting that more could be added. Buildings 1 and…","h100_equivalents":92471,"power_mw":190.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-06-10","status":"Building 3 is operational. Assuming it takes 2 months to install all 7 cooling towers, then another 3 months for final touches and commissioning.","h100_equivalents":163214,"power_mw":284.0,"buildings":3.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.17277402531451,"lng":-95.79268627085655,"sources":[{"title":"Construction permit application form with site address","url":"https://programs.iowadnr.gov/easyair/Public/EnSuite/Shared/Pages/Util/ServerRptViewer.aspx?sr=/IDNR/Reports/EASY/RPT_Construction_Application_A_GEN&SUBMISSION_RID=67330&SUB_FORM_RID=148293"},{"title":"Construction permit application form with backup generator data","url":"https://programs.iowadnr.gov/easyair/Public/EnSuite/Shared/Pages/Util/ServerRptViewer.aspx?sr=/IDNR/Reports/EASY/RPT_Construction_Application_E_EU&SUBMISSION_RID=67330&SUB_FORM_RID=148297"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1gO51W-JN3mA6M5_khuskC-YvSKB28Sls4CC6AzvAjgY/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-council-bluffs-east"},{"name":"Meta Aiken","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"7601 State Hwy 105, Trenton, SC 29847, USA","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":161698,"planned_power_mw":185.0,"planned_it_power_mw":142.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":64098,"latest_date":"2026-07-15","source_type":"Meta"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"planned","first_operational_date":"2026-07-15","latest_timeline_date":"2026-07-15","latest_status_note":"Building 1 and 2 are operational (estimate).","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-05-30","status":"Land clearing begins","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-04-08","status":"Buildings 1 and 2 are nearly complete, but there's still some equipment strewn around the site. We expect 3 more months needed for commissioning and server installation.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-07-15","status":"Building 1 and 2 are operational (estimate).","h100_equivalents":161698,"power_mw":185.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.642427,"lng":-81.84279699999999,"sources":[{"title":"Meta Introduction to the Aiken Project","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2024/08/hello-south-carolina/"},{"title":"DPR Construction project page","url":"https://www.dpr.com/projects/meta-aiken-data-center-aiken-sc"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AoK8Ky5mZJ_hhsFx16S1ugapGMrlIIcMVWYSWqkJmkU/edit?gid=2010365208#gid=2010365208","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-aiken"},{"name":"Stream Phoenix","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"2950 S. Litchfield Road","h100_equivalents":46134,"power_mw":64.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":2.42,"planned_h100_equivalents":160182,"planned_power_mw":267.0,"planned_it_power_mw":220.0,"current_chip_types":["H100"],"all_chip_types":["H100"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":46112,"latest_date":"2026-05-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-05-01","latest_timeline_date":"2030-01-01","latest_status_note":"Although official [promotional sources](https://www.streamdatacenters.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/SDC-Goodyear-CaseStudy-251218.pdf) estimate the campus to be fully operational in 10-12 years, it is likely to be finished sooner than this given the empirical durations for other data center campuses as well as because AI building 6 has been expedited. The first AI building took approximately 24 months to complete.…","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2022-10-30","status":"Construction beginning, as can be seen on satellite. Major renovations on western side of the non AI building (PX1), including adding generators and cooling towers.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-01-31","status":"Major construction has finished on AI building 1, and AI building 6 has been expedited, as depicted by satellite imagery.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-05-01","status":"Estimated: AI building 1 should be operational. Major construction work finished by January 31, 2026, and the shell looked complete by that date. We estimate after three months the building will be operational.","h100_equivalents":46134,"power_mw":77.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2030-01-01","status":"Although official [promotional sources](https://www.streamdatacenters.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/SDC-Goodyear-CaseStudy-251218.pdf) estimate the campus to be fully operational in 10-12 years, it is likely to be fini…","h100_equivalents":160182,"power_mw":267.0,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.412681,"lng":-112.360048,"sources":[{"title":"Official page for the data center.","url":"https://www.streamdatacenters.com/locations/phoenix/"},{"title":"Official pre-construction planning document.","url":"https://www.streamdatacenters.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/SDC-Goodyear-CaseStudy-251218.pdf"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1SC63z3YKLbCg9XNmo2uIcuGxife8xhHqYTc_IyEuzk0/edit?usp=drive_link","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/stream-phoenix"},{"name":"Vantage TX1","owner":"Unknown","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"Goodyear, Arizona 85338","h100_equivalents":38706,"power_mw":32.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":1.21,"planned_h100_equivalents":154624,"planned_power_mw":179.2,"planned_it_power_mw":128.0,"current_chip_types":["B200"],"all_chip_types":["B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":76555,"latest_date":"2027-08-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-02-15","latest_timeline_date":"2027-08-31","latest_status_note":"Estimated construction completion date of Building 2. [Construction Project Filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026001234)","timeline_points":3,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-12-15","status":"Land clearing begins for both Building 1 & Building 2","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-15","status":"Building 1 operational; Roads around Building 1 complete, all cooling and side generator equipment construction has since finished as well. Although this is still earlier than the completion date reported on TDLR, based…","h100_equivalents":38706,"power_mw":44.8,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2027-08-31","status":"Estimated construction completion date of Building 2. [Construction Project Filing](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026001234)","h100_equivalents":154624,"power_mw":179.2,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":29.417814781438615,"lng":-98.78969031823218,"sources":[{"title":"Construction Permitting for TX11","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2024007561"},{"title":"Construction Permitting for TX12","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026001234"},{"title":"Air quality permitting that references TX13","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rbF-RT5Sq-iZ26hK5cKzbM2K4Vq2vObY/view?usp=sharing"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PA0eDftvbL8OQPbFyoGGPzBK_j1xEtYcZqs-cGOreVE/edit?usp=drivesdk","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/vantage-tx1"},{"name":"Google Mesa","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"","h100_equivalents":62658,"power_mw":90.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.41,"planned_h100_equivalents":153108,"planned_power_mw":237.0,"planned_it_power_mw":183.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v6e"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v6e"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":135846,"latest_date":"2025-07-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-07-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-08-15","latest_status_note":"Building 2 is operational. This is estimated based on the close-to-complete construction status from May 2026.","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-07-01","status":"Building 1 is operational. This is based on the state of construction on 2025-03-02 as seen on [Google Earth](https://earth.google.com/web/@33.35450568,-111.67805903,407.02398359a,2119.1496037d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=ChYqEA…","h100_equivalents":62658,"power_mw":126.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2025-09-07","status":"Building 2 roof is mostly completed. Building 2's backup generators are almost complete, and cooling is a little more than halfway complete. The Building 2 substation is also under construction.","h100_equivalents":62658,"power_mw":126.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-15","status":"Building 2 is close to being operational. There is only construction left on the backup generators, which are almost complete. Some equipment is also strewn around the building, especially near the air-cooled chillers.…","h100_equivalents":62658,"power_mw":126.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-08-15","status":"Building 2 is operational. This is estimated based on the close-to-complete construction status from May 2026.","h100_equivalents":153108,"power_mw":237.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":33.354616839390594,"lng":-111.67636455,"sources":[{"title":"DCD article on the site breaking ground","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-breaks-ground-on-mesa-data-center-campus-in-arizona/"},{"title":"DCD article on announcement to build Building 2","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-files-to-build-second-data-center-at-mesa-campus-in-arizona/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1S0kcGYrj2y1UionUXVFyxjc1EAwzyfABT2PJECqRYZs/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-mesa"},{"name":"Microsoft Project Osmium","owner":"Microsoft","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"5855 SW Kerry St, Cumming, IA 50061","h100_equivalents":151592,"power_mw":190.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":7.2,"planned_h100_equivalents":151592,"planned_power_mw":228.0,"planned_it_power_mw":190.0,"current_chip_types":["A100","H100","B200"],"all_chip_types":["A100","H100","B200"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B200","units":45455,"latest_date":"2025-03-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"H100","units":32680,"latest_date":"2023-06-30","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"A100","units":25000,"latest_date":"2021-01-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2021-01-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-06-16","latest_status_note":"No notable changes since October.","timeline_points":6,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-06-30","status":"Building 2 is operational. Estimated based on Microsoft H100 count 2023","h100_equivalents":36635,"power_mw":114.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2025-03-01","status":"Building 3-4 operational, no visible construction.","h100_equivalents":151592,"power_mw":228.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2025-10-08","status":"Site already complete.","h100_equivalents":151592,"power_mw":228.0,"buildings":4.0},{"date":"2026-06-16","status":"No notable changes since October.","h100_equivalents":151592,"power_mw":228.0,"buildings":4.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.49703748530462,"lng":-93.78938710584089,"sources":[{"title":"SemiAnalysis article with IT power estimations and detailing usage by OpenAI for training GPT 3.5","url":"https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/microsofts-ai-strategy-deconstructed"},{"title":"DCD Article on site expansion","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-granted-permit-for-new-data-center-in-des-moines-iowa/"},{"title":"MISO Announcement reporting power for newest buildings, likely an overestimate","url":"https://cdn.misoenergy.org/NEW%20LOAD%20ANNOUNCEMENTS%20IN%20MISO%20REGIONS%2012062024684954.pdf"},{"title":"Microsoft article on data centers in Iowa used by OpenAI","url":"https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/ai/west-des-moines-iowa-ai-supercomputer/?msockid=23bbdd21a02166402e27c929a1a567ce"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GxpxdT_2dcvnvdmi2dybQfiwb0-XhzWf65i3QVI0FEA/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-project-osmium"},{"name":"Alibaba Zhangbei","owner":"Alibaba","users":["Alibaba"],"project":"","country":"China","address":"Alibaba Zhangbei Yun Calculation Data Center, Zhangbei County, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China, 076471","h100_equivalents":132895,"power_mw":169.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":6.4,"planned_h100_equivalents":132895,"planned_power_mw":203.0,"planned_it_power_mw":169.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-09-17","latest_timeline_date":"2026-01-03","latest_status_note":"Expect Building 4-6 have finished upgrading with new chillers.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-07-23","status":"New chiller configuration starts getting installed on Building 1-3.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-09-17","status":"Large substation is visibly connected to transmission lines. New chillers look fully installed on Building 1-3. Since power and cooling is apparently in place, we expect Building 1-3 are operational. Chillers are almost…","h100_equivalents":66195,"power_mw":102.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2025-12-23","status":"Chillers look fully installed on Building 4-6. Some chillers on Building 4 and 5 appear to have snow in the fan holes, suggesting they are not operating and other chillers are operating (since warm air would melt the sn…","h100_equivalents":66195,"power_mw":102.0,"buildings":3.0},{"date":"2026-01-03","status":"Expect Building 4-6 have finished upgrading with new chillers.","h100_equivalents":132895,"power_mw":203.0,"buildings":6.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.18353180896243,"lng":114.73237374685067,"sources":[{"title":"Sinocities blog on Eastern Data Western Compute sites","url":"https://sinocities.substack.com/p/how-is-chinas-eastern-data-western"},{"title":"News on the Chahar site, with an aerial photo","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20250712063836/https://www.cscec.com/xwzx_new/zqydt_new/202504/3867074.html"},{"title":"Hebei government page with 3D renderings of the Miaotan North and Chahar sites","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20251205164722/https://gxt.hebei.gov.cn/main/portal/cylzsDetail?id=9c133225-aa96-4eb7-9906-00acc34ddbff"},{"title":"Announcement of the Hebei Zhangbei Intelligent Computing Center","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20241217034700/https://zhidx.com/p/343866.html"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1XI_mLntv3fvNKhRWOUCAwFiYAvJRX0nqbzFWjx9OzU8/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/alibaba-zhangbei"},{"name":"Google Red Oak","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"330 Austin Blvd, Red Oak, TX 75154","h100_equivalents":46791,"power_mw":77.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":2.92,"planned_h100_equivalents":128853,"planned_power_mw":185.0,"planned_it_power_mw":154.0,"current_chip_types":["TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"all_chip_types":["TPU v6e","TPU v7"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"TPU v6e","units":87420,"latest_date":"2025-08-25","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"TPU v7","units":11535,"latest_date":"2025-08-25","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-08-25","latest_timeline_date":"2026-12-01","latest_status_note":"Building 2 is estimated to be operational.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-04-30","status":"First signs of development/land clearing","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-08-25","status":"Building 1 is operational, based on a Google Earth [image](https://earth.google.com/web/@32.53855187,-96.7936939,182.71625265a,4648.56607908d,30.00094375y,3.66969189h,0t,0r/) showing a completed building shell and equip…","h100_equivalents":46791,"power_mw":93.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-02-06","status":"Building 1 appears active - the surrounding land is finished including the site entrance and the parking lot. The dry coolers for Building 2 are nearly complete although the building is still clearly a construction zone…","h100_equivalents":46791,"power_mw":93.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-12-01","status":"Building 2 is estimated to be operational.","h100_equivalents":128853,"power_mw":185.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":32.53767159537349,"lng":-96.79351391272041,"sources":[{"title":"Media coverage confirming location, project name, investment size, and some timing","url":"https://www.mysanantonio.com/business/article/google-texas-data-center-21236627.php"},{"title":"Google PUE data listing the Red Oak site from Q1 2026","url":"https://datacenters.google/efficiency/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mFlyo-OPdoil5sYINqGkOUzBHXwZwga10kMsSId8tJA/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-red-oak"},{"name":"Huawei Horinger","owner":"Huawei","users":[],"project":"","country":"China","address":"Huawei, Horinger, China","h100_equivalents":128348,"power_mw":241.8,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":9.16,"planned_h100_equivalents":128348,"planned_power_mw":278.0,"planned_it_power_mw":241.8,"current_chip_types":["Ascend 910C"],"all_chip_types":["Ascend 910C"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"Ascend 910C","units":98160,"latest_date":"2025-07-01","source_type":"Esimate, Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2025-06-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-07-01","latest_status_note":"Building 5 is operational, assuming a 3 month fit out post structural completion, as can be seen via satellite imagery.","timeline_points":10,"milestones":[{"date":"2026-03-05","status":"Three of the six (phase 1) buildings planned across the three zones are operational. One other is near completion, apart from backup generators. 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Estimated based on present construction progress and typical timelines.","h100_equivalents":102072,"power_mw":126.0,"buildings":1.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":39.17578215,"lng":-94.46008175,"sources":[{"title":"Hunt Midwest Business Center press release linking data center with Google","url":"https://huntmidwest.com/2024/03/google-announces-1-billion-data-center-at-hunt-midwest-business-center/"},{"title":"DCD article on the site","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-files-project-plan-for-data-center-in-kansas-city-missouri/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1CKYzvfMSEIM4PvLeBIbbkFRRknMyq1w-BJAfTs2yWxQ/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/google-kansas-city-east"},{"name":"Meta Los Lunas","owner":"Meta","users":["Meta"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"4250 Messenger Lp, Los Lunas, NM 87031","h100_equivalents":99545,"power_mw":87.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.3,"planned_h100_equivalents":99545,"planned_power_mw":105.0,"planned_it_power_mw":87.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":39453,"latest_date":"2026-03-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-03-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-03-01","latest_status_note":"Building 1 looks operational.","timeline_points":2,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-07-24","status":"Land clearing starts for new building.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-03-01","status":"Building 1 looks operational.","h100_equivalents":99545,"power_mw":105.0,"buildings":1.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":34.824818,"lng":-106.78759550000001,"sources":[{"title":"Meta fact sheet","url":"https://datacenters.atmeta.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Meta_s-Los-Lunas-Data-Center.pdf"},{"title":"Air quality permit for expansion","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TxuazhSkiaHCd5FGKh_Syc_RsrzfV7Wd/view?usp=drive_link"},{"title":"Construction contractor page for the site","url":"https://fortisconstruction.com/project/meta-los-lunas-campus/"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mhkRkn27J1JmPrRvXejn_eSQr33e1_yfQ1fsKMa4Bis/edit?usp=drive_link","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/meta-los-lunas"},{"name":"Google Midlothian","owner":"Google","users":["Google DeepMind"],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"3250 Railport Parkway, Midlothian, TX 76065","h100_equivalents":86913,"power_mw":103.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":3.9,"planned_h100_equivalents":86913,"planned_power_mw":123.0,"planned_it_power_mw":103.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-04-19","latest_timeline_date":"2026-07-01","latest_status_note":"Estimated full completion of the expanded row of cooling towers and backup generators.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2023-11-28","status":"Visible land clearing around the area for Building 1","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2024-10-01","status":"Building 1 roof is complete.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-04-19","status":"Building 1 is probably mostly operational despite some cooling towers yet to be installed. 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No new public MW disclosure, so this keeps the March 2026 public 36 MW state.","h100_equivalents":43456,"power_mw":50.4,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-05-06","status":"Core Scientific said Marble was fully handed over to CoreWeave with about 65 MW of billable customer power online.","h100_equivalents":78828,"power_mw":91.0,"buildings":1.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":35.18747175748714,"lng":-83.91607195,"sources":[{"title":"Core Scientific - Q1 2026 Fiscal Earnings Call","url":"https://investors.corescientific.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001628280-26-031246/q1fy26earningsdeck.htm"},{"title":"Core Scientific - Official Marble, NC Datacenter page","url":"https://corescientific.com/high-density-data-centers/marble-nc/"},{"title":"Core Scientific - Q1 2025 Earnings Presentation","url":"https://investors.corescientific.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001628280-25-023161/exhibit992-q12025earning.htm"},{"title":"Core Scientific - June 2024 Investor and Analyst Day","url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1839341/000162828024027821/corescientificinvestorda.htm"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1_8yOR7DUXGIDghGwUSlVuqiFhbfA40iaxr9HyvslST8/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-marble-nc"},{"name":"Microsoft SAT40","owner":"Microsoft","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"15000 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245","h100_equivalents":64679,"power_mw":75.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":2.84,"planned_h100_equivalents":64679,"planned_power_mw":106.0,"planned_it_power_mw":75.0,"current_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"all_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":32407,"latest_date":"2024-05-24","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B300","units":12750,"latest_date":"2025-12-01","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-05-24","latest_timeline_date":"2026-02-04","latest_status_note":"Site has already been completed, with no more visible construction on any building.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2018-12-28","status":"Land clearing begins for the site, specifically digging up a parking lot and making outlines for the buildings. Evident on [Google Earth](https://earth.google.com/web/@29.4149522,-98.80304495,292.48816289a,1532.49619452…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2024-05-24","status":"Building 1 operational. Estimated 3 months out from February, when there was still construction equipment.","h100_equivalents":32390,"power_mw":66.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2025-12-01","status":"Building 2 operational. No more construction on building, and surrounding roads are also complete.","h100_equivalents":64679,"power_mw":106.0,"buildings":2.0},{"date":"2026-02-04","status":"Site has already been completed, with no more visible construction on any building.","h100_equivalents":64679,"power_mw":106.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":29.4153686,"lng":-98.804239,"sources":[{"title":"TDLR for SAT40 (Building 2)","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2023013247"},{"title":"TDLR for a set of three long buildings, which includes the first building we believe is for AI (Building 1)","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/EABPRJB8824650"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wtryXxH9tEtc3gatXW1GmwtJzZB3uKkSD0Pw-RJBZnY/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-sat40"},{"name":"Microsoft SAT14","owner":"Microsoft","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"3545 Wiseman Boulevard, San Antonio, TX 78251","h100_equivalents":45174,"power_mw":47.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":1.78,"planned_h100_equivalents":45174,"planned_power_mw":66.0,"planned_it_power_mw":47.0,"current_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"all_chip_types":["H100","B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"H100","units":12963,"latest_date":"2024-07-01","source_type":"Estimate"},{"chip_type":"B300","units":12750,"latest_date":"2026-03-31","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2024-07-01","latest_timeline_date":"2026-03-31","latest_status_note":"Building 2 fully operational, Building 1 expanded. Construction is already visibly complete. Additionally, construction phases [Phase 2](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019471), [Phase 3](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019588), and [Phase 4](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019686) on TDLR that collectively represent the completion of the site have…","timeline_points":5,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-07-01","status":"Building 1 operational. The first 2 data halls of Building 1 (with chillers already installed) are likely to be already operational. Although construction was completed prior, the on-site substation was previously incom…","h100_equivalents":12986,"power_mw":26.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2025-08-03","status":"Building 2 chiller installation is a little more than halfway complete, and chiller installation for the last data hall of Building 1 is also around halfway complete.","h100_equivalents":12986,"power_mw":26.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-02-28","status":"No more visible construction around either building, just a little equipment. Roads fully built around buildings as well.","h100_equivalents":12986,"power_mw":26.0,"buildings":1.0},{"date":"2026-03-31","status":"Building 2 fully operational, Building 1 expanded. Construction is already visibly complete. Additionally, construction phases [Phase 2](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019471), [Phase 3](https://…","h100_equivalents":45174,"power_mw":66.0,"buildings":2.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":29.475229623224855,"lng":-98.6808627,"sources":[{"title":"Phase 1 TDLR","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019142"},{"title":"Phase 2 TDLR","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019471"},{"title":"Phase 3 TDLR","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019588"},{"title":"Phase 4 TDLR","url":"https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2021019686"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1IqbFMekinpl1wfte8Nav6nUJMdeOq7tCHsRR7X8zV14/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/microsoft-sat14"},{"name":"CoreWeave Dalton 1 & 2","owner":"CoreWeave","users":[],"project":"","country":"United States","address":"2205 Industrial South Rd, Dalton, GA, 30721","h100_equivalents":32239,"power_mw":28.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":1.06,"planned_h100_equivalents":32239,"planned_power_mw":40.0,"planned_it_power_mw":28.0,"current_chip_types":["B300"],"all_chip_types":["B300"],"chip_quantities":[{"chip_type":"B300","units":12750,"latest_date":"2026-02-20","source_type":"Estimate"}],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"operational","first_operational_date":"2026-02-20","latest_timeline_date":"2026-02-20","latest_status_note":"Building 1 is operational, given it was announced completed 4 months ago and looks completed in satellite imagery. All cooling/mechanical rows are installed, with no obvious active building construction visible.","timeline_points":4,"milestones":[{"date":"2024-06-03","status":"According to a [few](https://investors.corescientific.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/74/core-scientific-to-provide-approximately-200-mw-of-infrastructure-to-host-coreweaves-high-performance-computing-services-cap…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-05-01","status":"Core Scientific investor presentation clearly shows Dalton 1 with a cleared pad on this month for construction. Source: https://investors.corescientific.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001140361-25-039864/00011…","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2025-08-29","status":"Based on Satellite imagery, Dalton 1 is still under construction. The building appears mostly roofed except for the entrance area, and there are no cooling units or backup generators installed yet.","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-20","status":"Building 1 is operational, given it was announced completed 4 months ago and looks completed in satellite imagery. All cooling/mechanical rows are installed, with no obvious active building construction visible.","h100_equivalents":32239,"power_mw":40.0,"buildings":1.0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":34.713183799999996,"lng":-84.95104735000001,"sources":[{"title":"Core Scientific page","url":"https://corescientific.com/high-density-data-centers/dalton-ga-dnn1-2/"},{"title":"SEC filing with power utility information","url":"https://investors.corescientific.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001140361-25-039864/0001140361-25-039864.pdf"},{"title":"DCD article","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/core-scientific-plans-new-ai-data-centers-in-dalton-georgia/"},{"title":"Core Scientific presentation","url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1839341/000162828024027821/corescientificinvestorda.htm"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1IYUyvV2o1NHNCtyCSMWNxZClDcz2ZoCg9nwoYcLIib0/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/coreweave-dalton-1-and-2"},{"name":"OpenAI Stargate Lordstown","owner":"Softbank","users":["OpenAI"],"project":"Stargate","country":"United States","address":"2300 Hallock Young Rd, Warren, OH 44481","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0.0,"capital_cost_2025_usd_b":0.0,"planned_h100_equivalents":0,"planned_power_mw":0.0,"planned_it_power_mw":0.0,"current_chip_types":[],"all_chip_types":[],"chip_quantities":[],"investors":[],"construction_companies":[],"energy_companies":[],"status":"tracked","first_operational_date":"","latest_timeline_date":"2026-02-27","latest_status_note":"Still no visible construction, although construction within preexisting facilities","timeline_points":2,"milestones":[{"date":"2025-10-12","status":"Land clearing begins in the front of the site (the side facing the Ohio Turnpike), clearing away a parking lot and solar array","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0},{"date":"2026-02-27","status":"Still no visible construction, although construction within preexisting facilities","h100_equivalents":0,"power_mw":0,"buildings":0}],"max_water_mgd":0.0,"lat":41.147038949999995,"lng":-80.86620984999999,"sources":[{"title":"Announcement of 5 new Stargate sites mentioning Lordstown","url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/openai-announces-five-more-us-stargate-data-centers-with-oracle-and-softbank/"},{"title":"Water Quality Permitting stating that “manufacturing and assembly” is the main purpose of the construction","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VfWvb9unUXZs3u4zwBjZjQwtsu91y8i9/view?usp=drivesdk"},{"title":"Stormwater Permitting","url":"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xl4Ql2jdmKhcYFhn43ymM2TJ56Z8cInL/view?usp=drivesdk"}],"calculations_sheet":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1uWCFpC5r9GEYqFaEhgB2bDqXOLvizvIUhDEdIg_XC5E/edit?usp=sharing","epoch_url":"https://epoch.ai/data/ai-data-centers/directory/openai-stargate-lordstown"}]}